|
| 摘要: |
| 随着我国人口老龄化程度不断加深，
养老成为当下迫切关注的社会保障问题。社区
居家养老以社区网络为基础，以亲情为纽带，发
展居家养老服务，成为适合当前国情的养老模
式。但目前承载最大比例老年人群的城市老旧
社区，却面临养老服务质量以及社区空间适老
化环境及设施等亟待优化提升问题。本研究拟
借助服务设计人本化的系统创新思维和方法，
通过利益相关者的用户分析，挖掘社区不同类
型老人真实的服务需求，整合现有老旧社区及
周边养老资源，梳理社区养老服务系统流程和
方式，构建社区养老服务平台和指引；并借助接
触点思维，从社区空间功能迭代更新、养老服务
空间体验等层面探讨老旧社区适老化空间微改
造策略。 |
| 关键词: 社区居家养老 老旧社区 服务设计 适老化 空间微改造 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20220510 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
|
| Research on Micro-Reform Strategy of Aging Space in Old Community Under ServiceDesign Thinking |
|
XIE Xuan, ZHAO Xubo, LUO Jianyun
|
| Abstract: |
| With the deepening population aging in China, the pension has become an urgent
concern of social security issues. The old-age dependency ratio is increasing, and the family’s
size is becoming smaller each year. The separated living space between the elder and younger
generations makes it difficult for children to care for their parents independently. If the old-age
caring problem can be solved within the community, it can sustain the daily family affection
and enable the elderly to accept the health care services provided by the community pension
service network. Therefore, influenced by the traditional family ideology in Chinese culture,
community home care, based on the community network, develops different home care services
and become a pension model suitable for the current national conditions.
As the most basic unit within the modern city, the community is the central place for
daily living and socializing. In the entire pension service system, community care can fully
use geographical relationships so that the elderly can remain in their familiar community
environment and continue to live for many years. This eventually will form a sustainable
home care living mode. China has also issued a series of policies to strengthen and guide the
development of community pensions.
However, the old community, which currently carries the most significant proportion of
the elderly population, is facing the problem of insufficient old-age service and obsolete space
facilities. This is not only generally showing a severe aging phenomenon, but also the public
service facilities in most senior communities are outdated and lack age-appropriate design. In
addition, the insufficient community nursing professionals and medical technology level make it
impossible to meet the increasing demand for differentiated and refined services for the elderly
in the community.
The community public service system is the guarantee of residents’ life. Nowadays,
the pension services provided by urban communities in China are gradually changing from
a “supply-oriented” model to a “demand-oriented” model. Service design is a strategy that
rationally combines and analyzes social life culture and integrates design-led innovation
methods. As a systematic thinking mode, service design is user-centered and intended to
provide a better experience. In recent years, many countries have been exploring the application
of service design in the field of public services and gradually using service design to meet
people’s demands and solve public social services.
Therefore, the study aims to focus on community caring services and to apply the idea of service design to build connections. Inspired by
various thinking methods such as user personal, user experience maps, service encounters, service system diagrams, and service blueprints in
service design, the study systematically explores the elderly’s demand for caring services in the community guidelines for elderly care. First, the
study explores the real needs of users (elderly in the community) at the demand level and proposes optimized strategies to solve the problems of
society’s elderly care. Second, by connecting the various stakeholders, the study integrates the community’s pension needs and social resources
and teases out the process and methods of community care services to build a community care service platform. Third, from the perspective of
interdisciplinary product services, it attempts to innovate the design path based on systematic community pension space transformation. Fourth,
through the combination of service contact point theory, the study explores the old community pension space environment quality improvement
optimization strategy at the experience level.
In conclusion, in transforming the community aging space, the study attempts to use the thinking method of service design, studies three old
communities in Guangzhou that have a severe aging issue and apply a multi-level analysis of the different elder demands. Combined with the practice
of micro-transformation of old communities, this study proposes a more targeted optimization and improvement strategy for the aging space of old
neighborhoods and initially constructs a community pension service system and service space functional guidance. With the discovery of in-depth
research, in addition to community public services and social pension institutions, the community needs more non-profit organizations to participate
in community pensions in the future. Only in this way can we promote more community care volunteer service and the formation of a ‘mutual’
pension mechanism so that community home care truly achieves a better life vision. |
| Key words: Community Home Care Old Community Service Design Elderly-Oriented Design Spatial Micro-Transformation |
