| 摘要: |
| 2017年，我国提出健康中国发展战略，
党的十九届五中全会做出到2035年全面建成体
育强国的战略部署，国民健康水平愈发受到关
注。社区作为城市基本单元，是人们从事体力活
动的主要场所，强化社区体育锻炼水平对促进
全民健康有着重要促进作用。本文以格林模式
为研究视角，通过构建结构方程模型探究社区
内休闲性体力活动的影响因素。首先，选取哈尔
滨七个典型社区进行数据收集。其次，通过因
子分析构建影响居民休闲性体力活动的指标体
系。接着，构建结构方程模型进一步探索各种影响指标对休闲性体力活动的影响效应。研究结果表明：心理意愿、环境质量和交通可步行性对休
闲性体力活动产生直接影响，交通可步行性还通过心理意愿影响休闲性体力活动。家庭及社会影
响则通过影响环境质量对休闲性体力活动水平产生间接影响，设施可达性通过影响心理意愿对
休闲性体力活动产生间接影响。 |
| 关键词: 格林模式 休闲性体力活动 影响因素 结构方程模型 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20220607 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划项目（18GLH736）；
黑龙江省自然科学基金面上项目（E2016038）；住房和
城乡建设部软科学研究项目（2018-K2-001）；哈工大研
究生教育教学改革研究（22HX0602） |
|
| Study on Influencing Factors of Community Leisure Physical Activity from the Perspective of PRECEDE-PROCEED Model: Taking Seven Typical Communities in Harbin as Examples |
|
LYU Fei,SHI Xinyu,DAI Jian
|
| Abstract: |
| In 2017, China put forward the development strategy of a healthy China, and the
Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee made a strategic deployment to build
a sports power by 2035, and the national health level has attracted more and more attention.
As the basic unit of the city, the community is the main place for people to engage in physical
activity, and strengthening the level of physical exercise in the community has an important
role in promoting the health of the whole people. Taking the PRECEDE-PROCEED model as
the research perspective, this paper explores the influencing factors of recreational physical
activity in the community by constructing a structural equation model. Firstly, seven typical
communities in Harbin were selected for data collection. Secondly, through factor analysis, an
index system affecting residents’ leisure physical activity is constructed, and then the structural
equation model is constructed to further explore the effects of various influencing indicators
on leisure physical activity. The results show that psychological willingness, environmental
quality and traffic walkability have a direct impact on leisure physical activity, and traffic
walkability also affects leisure physical activity through psychological willingness. Family
and social influences indirectly affect the level of recreational physical activity by influencing
the quality of the environment, and accessibility of facilities indirectly affects leisure physical
activity by influencing psychological intentions. The main place for residents to engage in
recreational physical activities is the community. Through the systematic model analysis of the
physical environment, social environment and other related factors in the community, we can
effectively explore the influence factors of community outdoor places on residents’ recreational
physical activities. To enhance the level of physical exercise of the whole people and control
the prevalence of chronic diseases, it is necessary to focus on the leisure physical activity
and exercise activities of community residents, as well as their relationship with and impacton the outdoor space of the community. The influencing factors of leisure physical activity include not only the individual’s own characteristics,
psychology, ideology and acquired behavioral ability and skills, but also the social environment and material environment. It is easier to effectively
explore the organization and implementation of various influencing factors in the physical environment by establishing a systematic theoretical
model and conducting comprehensive exploration. Therefore, this paper takes the behavior change theory in the PRECEDE-PROCEED model as the
theoretical prototype, selects the three core elements that affect health behavior as the sub target layer to build the theoretical model of the indicator
system, takes typical communities in Harbin as an example, deeply explores the specific action path of each influencing factor. In addition, this
paper also studied the influence of factors affecting leisure physical activity of people with different Socioeconomic status(SES) on their degree of
influence. The level of leisure physical activity of middle and low SES people is greatly affected by the environmental quality. The improvement of
community environmental quality plays a great role in promoting the level of leisure physical activity of middle and low SES people. The middle and
low SES people are the main groups for leisure physical activity in the community, measures such as improving environmental quality are of great
significance in promoting the level of recreational physical activity of major groups in the community. It screens out the relevant factors that affect
leisure physical activity in the community through the qualitative research results. Through quantitative research, it shows the influence of various
factors on leisure physical activity. The single or balanced improvement of various factors of the built environment may cause waste of resources.
After the impact degree of each indicator is quantified, it can more accurately guide the construction of healthy communities. Summarizing the
influence path of the three types of factors on the level of leisure physical activity and their mutual influence relationship, it is found that the factors
that can have a direct impact. Psychological will be in the tendency factors, environmental quality in the contributing factors, and traffic walkability.
The impact degrees are 0.354, 0.255, and 0.168 respectively, indicating that psychological will, environmental quality, and traffic walkability increase
by 1 unit respectively. The overall level of recreational physical activity increases by 0.354, 0.255 and 0.168 units respectively. Among the indirect
factors, the traffic walkability and facility accessibility in the contributing factors are indirectly affected by the psychological will be in the tendency
factors. The family and society among the strengthening factors have an indirect impact by influencing the environmental quality. Through the
effective feedback of the family and society on the physical space, it can promote the creation of an atmosphere for community residents to jointly
carry out recreational physical activities, and thus become the driving force for community residents to continue to carry out community renewal. |
| Key words: PRECEDE-PROCEED Model Leisure Physical Activity Influencing Factors Structural Equation Model |
