| 摘要: |
| 我国装配式建筑起步较晚，又错过了
大规模新建住宅的发展时期，“十二五”以来重
提建筑工业化，进入了一个新的发展时期。探索
新时期装配式集合住宅的实践路径是一个重要
的课题。北京市作为发展装配式集合住宅的重
要城市之一，具有较强的代表性。通过典型发展
时期的大量案例调查和比对，从政策演变、装
配式技术应用、标准化设计和信息化管理几个
方面进行剖析，从而从政策、技术、管理和产业
化四个路径提出装配式集合住宅发展的方策与
讨论。 |
| 关键词: 装配式建筑 集合住宅 案例比对 路
径 北京市 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20220604 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（52008251）；深圳市高等院校稳定
支持计划面上项目（20200812112419001） |
|
| The Path Selection Research on the Practice of Prefabricated Collective Housing: Based on the Investigation and Comparative Analysis of Typical Cases in Beijing |
|
ZHANG Bowei,ZHANG Qiong
|
| Abstract: |
| Chinese researches on prefabricated buildings started late, and missed the
rapid development period of large-scale new housing. Since the “12th Five Year Plan”, the
building industrialization and prefabricated construction have been valued again, which
entering into a new development period. It is an important subject to explore the practical
path of prefabricated collective housing in the new era. As one of the important cities for the
development of prefabricated collective housing, Beijing is a typical representative. Through
the investigation and comparison of 18 cases in the typical development period, this paper
analyzes the policy evolution, the application of prefabricated technology, standardized design
as well as information management, and puts forward the development strategy and discussion
of path selection of prefabricated collective housing from the four paths of policy, technology,
management and industrialization.
First of all, in terms of policy path, since the year 2007, Beijing’s prefabricated building
policy has constantly put forward requirements for prefabricated application scenarios, from
the initial pilot in affordable housing to the development of commercial housing, as well as
gradually involving public buildings, industrial buildings and other fields, thus promoting the
diversified development of prefabricated buildings types. In addition, through the evaluation
criterion, the quality requirements for prefabricated housing are constantly improved, and
the prefabricated rate of a single structure is changed to the comprehensive evaluation of the
assembly rate of the whole four prefabricated systems.
Secondly, in terms of technical path, it should gradually form a diversified technology
system from learning and introducing foreign experiences for localization and translation.
Based on the design concept of “equivalent cast-in-place” concrete structure, the connection
mode mainly uses rebar sleeve grouting (which is the localization application of Japanese
technology) to gradually adopt EVE prefabricated round hole wallboard, fabricated longitudinal
rib composite concrete shear wall, SPCS and other connection modes through steel bar jointing
methods. The skills of connection mode are gradually diversified. In addition, the development
of housing industrialization should not only face the new housing market, but also explore the
development path facing the huge stock housing market.
Thirdly, in terms of management path, in the current practice of collective housing,Building Information Model technology has been applied in various stages and different types of work, but there is still a certain distance from the
omni-directional component information platform and collaborative design application. The management of prefabricated collective housing should
be closely combined with the industrialization of new buildings, intelligent construction, and information construction to achieve a full process
management path from digital design, intelligent factory, intelligent construction site, etc.
Finally, in terms of industrialization path, the development of prefabricated buildings should focus on the industrialization technology level of
a single construction project to the industrialization of the whole industrial chain of buildings. If the prefabricated buildings emphasizes the leading
role of technology, the building industrialization increases the combination of technology, economy and market. The building industrialization
should extend to the front-end product development, as well as the building materials, building energy and even the sales of building products, so
that the entire industry can achieve a more optimal allocation of resources within the industrial chain. |
| Key words: Prefabricated Buildings Collective Housing Typical Cases Path Selection Beijing |
