| 摘要: |
| 全球范围内，新冠疫情、自然灾害、事故
灾难等各类突发公共事件频发，建设韧性国土
空间的重要性成为各国普遍共识。本文通过梳
理总结国内外风险及韧性的研究现状与现存问
题，构建了基于城市安全治理五维体系的韧性城
市建设理论框架，并以南京为例，开展了韧性城
市建设实证研究。研究提出了在大城市韧性水平
提升、韧性城市建设方面的若干策略与启示，为
我国开展建设韧性国土空间研究与实践提供决
策参考。 |
| 关键词: 韧性城市 国土空间 城市安全 五维
体系 南京 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20220415 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:日本学术振兴会项目（18K03002） |
|
| The General Idea of Building the Land Space More Resilient: Nanjing Case |
|
GAO Jingyi,ZHAI Guofang
|
| Abstract: |
| Nowadays, various types of risks have surged worldwide, causing a great negative
impact on the daily life of urban residents. Natural disasters and accidents occur frequently,
and COVID-19 has caused huge casualties and economic and property losses. In this context,
mankind needs a safer, healthier, and more sustainable environment. Therefore, the construction
of resilient land space is imperative. Improving the resilience of land space is not only an urgent
need for China’s development but also a positive response to improving people’s well-being and
accelerating the new people-oriented urbanization. Through combing and summarizing the
research on risk and resilience, this research constructed a theoretical framework based on the
five-dimensional system of urban safety governance to build resilient cities. Taking Nanjing
as an example, this research carried out an empirical research on the construction of resilient
cities and put forward strategies and enlightenment on the improvement of the resilience of big
cities and the resilient city construction, to provide decision-making references for the research
and practice of resilient land space in China.
At present, risk and resilience are widely valued in the international community. However,
in China, catastrophe risk response needs to be improved, and there is still a large gap
compared with other developed countries, which is embodied in three aspects: research object,
research method, and specific practice. In terms of research objects, most of them are single
disasters, and the research on the comprehensive response to multiple disasters is insufficient,
lacking a more overall and macro grasp. In terms of research methods, the choice of methods
or ideas for specific research objects requires more in-depth thinking and research according to
the actual situation. In terms of specific practice, China has not yet formed a mature and perfect
resilient development path in the process of urban planning, construction, and operation.
To build resilient land space, a clear overall framework is required. This framework should
be based on a scientific macro system, with a correct and clear overall idea as the overall guidance.
At the same time, corresponding specific tasks should be determined at different stages for
different planning levels, to ensure that the concept of resilience runs through the whole process
and effectively promote the specific implementation of the construction of resilient land space.
The overall framework of resilient land space construction proposed in this research regards urban
safety as a nested five-dimensional system composed of governance subjects, governance levels,
governance elements, object insurances, and governance processes. Combined with the collection,collation, investigation, and investigation of relevant data of specific cities, the various disaster risks, and resilience levels are scientifically evaluated, and
spatial and non-spatial strategies and suggestions for urban safety and high-quality development are put forward.
Based on the vulnerability evaluation with the population density, average GDP, and building seismic capacity as indicators, this research evaluated
various disasters affecting Nanjing concludes from the aspects of earthquakes, geological disasters, floods, meteorological disasters, fires, public health
emergencies, production safety accidents, etc. To understand the overall situation of the resilient city construction in Nanjing, this research built a
comprehensive resilience index system consisting of economic resilience, social resilience, environmental resilience, community resilience, infrastructure
resilience, and organizational resilience. The weight of indicators was calculated through the entropy weight method combined with AHP analytic hierarchy
process. The results of the evaluation of resilient city construction in Nanjing are as follows: 1) the level of resilient city construction in Nanjing does not
match the degree of social and economic development, and there is a certain gap with high resilient cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and
Shenzhen. 2) Significant spatial differentiation of urban resilience exists in Nanjing, and the resilience level of the central urban area is higher than that of the
urban-rural fringe. 3) The construction of a disaster prevention community is absent, and the resilience of the community shows a downward trend. 4) The
distribution of ecological resources is uneven, and the ecological background is relatively fragile. 5) Residents believe that the city’s disaster management
capacity is still insufficient, and they are more worried about non-natural disasters.
The following strategies and enlightenment can be obtained from the ideas and practice of the resilient land space construction: 1) perfecting
the top-level design of the resilient city construction; 2) coordinating the elements of urban safety governance; 3) strengthening the foundation of
the resilient city construction; 4) practically improving the construction of community-level disaster prevention system; 5) building a diversified
governance body of urban safety. |
| Key words: Resilient City Land Space Urban Safety Five-Dimensional System Nanjing |
