| 摘要: |
| 随着我国城市迈入集约型内涵式发展
的新阶段，如何协同多元主体推动历史风貌区
的有机更新、实现高质量发展，仍是许多城市待
解的难题。研究通过梳理不同视角下的空间生
产理论，结合城市更新语境构建了“权力—资
本—社会”辩证分析框架，并对深圳沙井古墟
有机更新案例进行实证分析，发现权力、资本和
社会要素在推动古墟空间再生产的过程中，呈
现权力重心下沉、资本长效运营和社会分层参
与的特征，形成以“街道办—大型资本—村股
份公司及技术精英”为核心的圈层化多元治理
结构。建议在强化规划管控的前提下，通过适当
赋权基层政府、引入大型国有资本、加强基层自
治，推动重要历史风貌区的有机更新和高质量
发展，同时切实保障弱势群体的利益。 |
| 关键词: 空间生产 有机更新 历史风貌区 辩证分析 沙井古墟 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20220204 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
|
| The Organic Renewal Mechanism of Shajing Ancient Fair from the Perspective of SpaceProduction: Based on a Dialectical Analysis Framework of Power-Capital-Society |
|
WANG Jia,YANG Rui,TAN Chen,HOU Nan
|
| Abstract: |
| Historical districts are valuable resources for shaping urban features and enhancing soft
power. However, due to the complex property-right patterns, diverse interest demands and high
renovation costs, many historical districts have been in constant decline in the past decades. In
the background of high-quality and intensive development, how to coordinate multiple subjects
to promote the regeneration of historical districts is still a challenge for many cities in China.
By integrating space production theories from different perspectives, this paper constructs
a power-capital-society framework to analyze the dialectical relationships between power,
capital, society and space in the regeneration practices of historical districts. Generally
speaking, power, capital and society are the main driving forces for space production and value
increment of historical districts. Meanwhile, the special space production mode of historical
districts can also counteract the power, capital and society, make these factors and their
interrelationships change.
In the case of Shajing Ancient Fair (SAF) in Shenzhen, power, capital and society played
diverse roles in different stages. Before 2009, power intervention and capital investment
were relatively lacking, and SAF were mainly redeveloped by the village collectives and
villagers, which led to disorderly land development, destruction of traditional features and
deterioration of the public environment. From 2009 to 2018, there were serious differences
between the Jinhao Town plan proposed by the local government and the urban village renewal
plan formulated by village collectives and developers. It was difficult for all parties to reach
a consensus, resulting in the development dilemma of SAF. After 2018, attracted by the
development potential of Shajing area, CR Land, a large state-owned capital entity, came as
the main coordinator and formed cooperative relations with the local government and village
collectives, which finally promoted the organic renewal of SAF. With the investment from CR
Land, part of SAF was renovated and activated, and a number of high-quality public facilities
were built. Recently, the organic renewal practice of SAF has received extensive attention both
domestically and internationally, which laid a good foundation for the long-term development
and value enhancement of Shajing area.
With the advancement of the organic renewal of SAF, the interaction between power,capital and society has also changed. Firstly, while the local government’s institutional supply and planning control continued to strengthen, the
center of power gradually sank, and the sub-district office (Jiedaoban) became the key role in communicating with different interest groups, and
directing capital to invest in the public sector. Secondly, the huge scale and numerous historical relics of SAF determined the type of capital to
be introduced, and made the capital transform from a developer pursuing short-term incomes to an operator seeking long-term benefits. Thirdly,
different social groups formed a hierarchical participation pattern, in which the village collectives and technical elites served as decision-making
participants, villagers and tenants served as indirect interveners, and the public served as space consumers. In the end, a circle-layered governance
structure was formed with the sub-district office, the large capital, village collectives and technical elites in the center. All parties worked together to
promote the organic renewal and value enhancement of SAF, so as to share the space value-added benefits.
It’s suggested that for the regeneration of historical districts with great development potential, it can be promoted through the cooperation
of local governments, large capital, property owners and technical elites. Local governments should clarify historic conservation regulations,
appropriately allocate administrative resources and empower grass-roots governments to promote the organic renewal of the district and the precise
supply of public services. Large capital can be introduced to provide high-quality space and enhance the value of the district by investing the public
sector. For the numerous social groups, it is necessary to improve the grass-roots autonomy system to integrate diverse demands, reduce the cost of
communication, and protect their rights and interests. On the premise of adhering to the historic conservation regulations and public interests, urban
planners and designers ought to formulate a plan with consensus from all interest groups, and strive to protect the interests of vulnerable groups. |
| Key words: Space Production Urban Organic Renewal Historical District Dialectical Analysis Shajing Ancient Fair |
