| 摘要: |
| 村镇聚落形态测度及体系识别是村镇
转型与重构的基础与前提，基于全国土地调查
数据及统计数据，运用探索性空间数据分析方
法，从空间分布及形态分异两个维度测度识别
宜城市村镇聚落形态格局，并运用聚类分析方
法将宜城市形态类型划分为“小规模高密度岗
地散点散布型”和“大规模低密度平原团块集聚
型”两类。在形态类型划分的基础上，选取南营
街道和板桥店镇作为典型案例，从功能关系—
场所关系两个维度分析村镇聚落空间体系结
构，分析认为主要可以分为“弱中心网状路网团
块集聚型”和“单核心枝状路网散点散布型”两
类，并从形态格局及体系结构两方面分别提出
优化建议。 |
| 关键词: 村镇聚落 形态测度 体系结构 宜城市 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20220116 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2018YFD1100300） |
|
| Research on the Measurement and Spatial System Structure of Rural Settlements inYicheng City |
|
WANG Wenhui,ZHU Leizhou,HUANG Yaping,ZHENG Youxu
|
| Abstract: |
| Under the background of the implementation of national rural revitalization
strategy, new urbanization and land space reform, rural settlement is facing transformation
and reconstruction, and the construction of a moderately ordered rural settlement system is the
current development goal of village and town construction. However, the current research on
settlements in rural settlement in China has problems such as the lack of research in the central
region and the lack of attention to multi-scale integration. In order to make up for the lack of
research on rural settlement, this paper takes Yicheng City, Hubei Province as an example to
study the morphological types, system structure and single space characteristics of settlement
spaces in rural settlement under the topographic and landform environment of the central
plains land area. According to the research ideas from macro to micro, construct a three-level
research system of “county-typical town-typical village”. Using exploratory spatial data analysis,
classification model and statistical methods, the village settlement community, village settlement
system, quantitative research on the spatial characteristics of rural settlement monomers. The
measurement and system identification of rural settlements are the basis and prerequisite for
rural transformation and reconstruction. Based on national land survey data and statistical data,
exploratory spatial data analysis is used Methods.
Firstly, identify the morphological pattern of rural settlements in Yicheng from two
dimensions: spatial distribution and morphological differentiation, and use cluster analysis
to classify the morphological types of Yicheng into “small-scale and high-density hillocks
scattered” and “large-scale”. There are two types of low-density plain agglomeration types.
Among them, “small-scale high-density hillock scattered type” is basically distributed in the
central area of Yicheng City, mainly plain terrain, mainly showing the characteristics of small-
scale scattered distribution; the “large-scale low-density plain agglomeration type” is basically
distributed in the southwest and east of Yicheng City, mainly in hilly terrain, and some are hills,
mainly showing the characteristics of large-scale and medium-scale agglomeration distribution.
Secondly, based on the classification of morphological types, Nanying Street and
Banqiaodian Town are selected as typical cases, and the spatial system structure of rural
settlements is analyzed from two dimensions of function relationship and place relationship. It
is believed that it can be mainly divided into two types: “weak center network of road network
clusters” and “single core branch road network scattered points”. The main characteristics of “multi center point axis” spatial structure are relatively concentrated distribution and large scale of a single village. In addition to the towns, such
villages and towns generally have multiple central villages, and the comprehensive strength of the central village is not far from that of the towns,
forming multiple cores together. Towns, central villages and characteristic villages have different and complementary functions. In terms of space,
the distribution of towns and central villages is linear along the main traffic roads, forming the main axis belt and secondary axis belt of spatial
development. General villages are usually distributed in the hinterland of the central village along the road, forming the axis of residential areas. The
spatial structure of “single core star point” is mainly characterized by scattered distribution and small scale of a single village. Such villages and
towns are generally composed of townships and multiple central villages, and there is a large gap in the comprehensive strength between townships,
central villages and general villages. The traffic connection between villages is weak, and the functional differentiation of villages is low. The
center of the town is generally formed by traffic trunk roads, and other villages are freely scattered in the hinterland of the town according to the
topographic conditions.
Finally, the optimization suggestions were put forward from two aspects of form and structure. It is proposed that the optimization of county scale
should focus on the spatial form, and the cluster settlements should be connected into a network, so as to improve the spatial interaction efficiency
and match the production, life and ecological space of the settlements; For scattered settlements, the settlements are grouped into blocks. When
allocating public service facilities, they should be concentrated in relatively large-scale villages, which is conducive to guiding the reconstruction
of villages from scattered to agglomeration and promoting the intensive use of land. At the township level, we should focus on the spatial structure.
For the multi center axis type, we should take economic development as the driving force and strengthen the level to guide the development of rural
industrial characteristics. For example, for areas with high degree of agricultural industrialization and good location advantages, we should revitalize
the stock of agricultural land resources to improve agricultural productivity and guide the compound development of agriculture. It is not suitable for
the development of agricultural industrialization in areas with high agricultural agglomeration and ecological tourism. For the single core star point
settlement, it is necessary to take the traffic guidance as the driving force, and the villages with blocked traffic conditions gather to the villages with
convenient traffic; Small-scale villages gather to large-scale villages; Villages with imperfect infrastructure gather to villages with better infrastructure,
move to villages and merge to form a “large dispersion small aggregation” pattern. |
| Key words: Rural Settlement Morphological Measurement System Structure Yicheng City |
