| 摘要: |
| 绿色空间与城市发展不断耦合作
用，构成复杂的生态—社会系统，影响着
城市的适应水平。近年来，在极端气候、公
共卫生等不确定事件频发的背景下，如何评
估系统适应水平成为研究热点，也就必须探
索绿色空间与城市发展的耦合特征及影响因
素。引入适应性循环理论，阐释绿色空间与
城市发展的耦合过程，及其对城市适应能力
的影响；建立绿色空间服务水平与城市发展
水平的评价体系，构建耦合度模型。本文以
成都市为实证对象进行定量测算，归纳出成
都在1949—2018年的绿色空间与城市发展耦
合变化特征及系统适应水平变化规律，分析
耦合特征的形成机制，最后提出相应调控策
略和建议。研究结论以期为我国其他城市科
学评估系统的适应水平提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 绿色空间 城市发展 耦合 适应
性 生态—社会系统 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20220115 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（51878252）；国家十三五重
点研发计划重点专项（2019YFD1101305） |
|
| Study on the Coupling of Green Space and Urban Development from the Perspective ofAdaptive Cycles: A Case Study of Chengdu City from 1949 to 2018 |
|
ZENG Zhaojun,YE Qiang
|
| Abstract: |
| The continuous coupling between green space and urban development constitutes a
complex ecological-social coupling system, which affects the adaptation level of the city. As
an important natural space in the city, the service level of green space is constrained by urban
development, and at the same time affects the level of urban development. On the spatial and
temporal scales, it is the interactive coercion with the development of urban material space. The
coupled system has the characteristics of a complex adaptive system. Individuals in the system
can communicate with the environment and other individuals, continuously perform evolutionary
learning, and change their own structure and behavior according to the learned experience.
In recent years, extreme climates such as heavy rain, drought, public health and other
uncertain events have frequently occurred, and the impact on the urban coupling system has
become increasingly obvious. Therefore, how to evaluate the adaptation level of the system has
become a research hotspot. Traditional researches mostly describe the static state of the system
qualitatively, which ignores the dynamics and complexity of the system. This paper introduces
adaptive cycle theory to explain the coupling process of green space and urban development,
and its impact on the adaptability of urban coupling systems; compared with traditional systems
theory, adaptive cycle theory does not pursue absolute final results, but more pay attention to
the process of system evolution. The system state is no longer seen as static and unique, but as
dynamic and transformable. In addition, it can link the coupling degree of the internal subsystems
of the system with the adaptability of the system. Therefore, the adaptability level of the coupled
system can be judged by analyzing the function relationship of the subsystems.
In order to quantitatively measure the coupling degree between the green space service
level and the urban development level, it established an evaluation system and corresponding
indicators. The green space service level focuses on its ecological and social benefits, and the
urban development level is selected from five aspects for evaluation, including sanitation, spatial
expansion, land efficiency, demographics, and social equity. The grey relational analysis method
was selected to construct the coupling degree model, and the quantitative measurement was
carried out with the central urban area of Chengdu as the empirical object. It chose Chengdu City
for two main reasons. First, Chengdu, as one of the provincial capital cities, has not only shown
the characteristics of repeated land expansion and rapid economic development during its 70
years of urban development, but also been plagued by external shocks such as rainstorms, heat islands, earthquakes and other disasters. The urban evolution process represents most large and medium-sized cities in China and the coupling evolution
characteristics of green space and urban development are universal; second, Chengdu has always been at the forefront of the country in the construction
of human settlements, and uses the adaptive cycle theory to explore. The new model of urban development will help to improve the innovation and
scientific nature of urban construction management, and can strengthen the demonstration role of Chengdu.
Based on the adaptive circulation mechanism and the calculation results of the coupling degree, it summarizes the characteristics of the coupling
change between green space and urban development in Chengdu from 1949 to 2018, and obtain the change law of the adaptation level of the coupling
system. It is found that the ecological-social coupling system of Chengdu has always been in a state of strong coupling and a low level of adaptation,
which is an inevitable state in the development stage of the city at the expense of the natural environment. However, the coupling system did not show
extreme discomfort, indicating that the development of Chengdu is relatively stable. With the development of the new China, reform and opening up,
and urban transformation, the coupling system has experienced six distinct stages: short-term recession, slow growth, rapid release, stable adaptation,
shock adjustment, and fluctuating adaptation.
Further analysis of the formation mechanism of coupling characteristics shows that the coupling degree between green space and urban
development is mainly related to fixed asset investment, residential area, per capita public green space area, and per capita park area. According to
the coupling degree model, it proposes that the coupling degree of green space and urban development can be adjusted by adjusting the index with
a relatively large degree of correlation, so as to effectively optimize the adaptation level of the ecological-social coupling system. After judging
the development trend of the eco-social system in Chengdu, it proposes strategies to improve the adaptive level of the system, including low-cost
construction of green spaces, enhancement of the complex functions of land, and optimization of the internal structure of green spaces. The research
conclusions are expected to provide references for other cities to conduct scientific assessment of the adaptation level of the system. |
| Key words: Green Space Urban Development Coupling Adaptability Ecological-Social System |
