| 摘要: |
| 在“双碳”目标和县域国土空间规
划的双重背景下，县级城市国土空间总体规
划成为重要的碳排放治理手段，然而现阶段
我国县域缺乏与国土空间规划体系衔接的低
碳评价方法。本研究基于“碳源/汇—空间驱
动因素—国土空间规划体系”的关联机制，
以我国1 903个县级城市2010—2018年面板
数据为基础，基于SPSS 25.0的数理统计方
法展开研究，构建双碳目标导向的国土空间
总体规划过程性评价体系，并以武安市为对
象进行实证研究，形成国土空间规划关键
低碳指标体系和相应规划策略。研究表明：
一、过程性评价方法对于动态发展的全国广大县级城市具有高度适用性和可操作性；二、评价体系与国土空间总体规划系统性衔接，可以
有效识别国土空间总体规划编制实施的控碳薄弱环节，为制定国土空间规划低碳评价体系、完
善双碳目标下全域国土空间规划提供县域层面的方法支撑。 |
| 关键词: 低碳评价 国土空间总体规划 县域 规划实施 指标体系 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20210604 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:天津市教委社会科学重大项目（2021JW2D04）；国家
重点研发计划项目（2018YFC0704701）；国家自然科学
基金面上项目（52078328） |
|
| Construction Evaluation Method of County Low-Carbon Planning Oriented to TerritorialSpatial Planning: Taking Wu’an City in Hebei Province as an Example |
|
ZHANG He,HU Jiahui,WANG Rui,YE Qing
|
| Abstract: |
| With global climate problems becoming drastically serious, low-carbon city
development has inevitably turned into the new trend worldwide. In China, “carbon peak
by 2030 and carbon neutral by 2060”, also known as the “double carbon” goal, has been
proposed and gives rise to a series of low-carbon policies and measures. At the end of 2020,
China exceeded its phased target — reducing carbon intensity by more than 45%— and
even managed to raise the number to 48.4%. Behind this number, a key role that cannot be
overlooked is undoubtedly county-level cities, as opposed to large- and medium-sized cities
in China. County-level cities are quite different from metropolis in terms of not only spatial
layout, but also demography, economy, and social development. Through rapid urbanization,
county-level cities have stood out as important spatial units of human activity aggregation
as well as energy consumption, constantly showing great potentials in carbon control and
reduction. At the same time, the national spatial planning at county level (hereinafter
referred to as “county general plan”) has the function of positioning the “double carbon”
goal, and systematically arranges the urban and rural space at the county level through
the spatial bottom line, spatial structure and efficiency, spatial quality, to implement the
national energy strategy target, realize the role of county low-carbon living environment
is significant. As the feedback chain in the implementation of the county general plan,
the evaluation of low-carbon planning has the significance of tracking, intervention and
regulation in the improvement of the low-carbon governance system of territorial space
planning.
In general, existing studies have several drawbacks in low-carbon planning evaluation:
1) the existing two types of low-carbon planning evaluation, known as objective simulation
and static status evaluation, both exhibited poor applicability in the scenario at county
level. Objective simulation mostly adopts single sample and standard, failing to consider the underlying difference of social development in various counties. On the other hand, static status evaluation ignores the characteristics of
county development and change, and fails to take into account of the short- and long-term low-carbon development vision of spatial planning.
The research of process evaluation is in its early stage and needs to be further developed. 2) There are insufficient connections between the
existing low-carbon evaluation system and the overall territorial space planning system. The general plan is the first step to guide the low-carbon
development of counties with spatial strategy. However, there are various systems of target criteria of the existing evaluation methods, and some
impact factors and evaluation indexes are difficult to be implemented through the general plan of counties. Therefore, the dynamic evaluation
method connecting with the general planning system is urgently needed.
On this basis, this study takes the following three aspects as premise: 1) in view of the differentiation status and uncertainty of county-level
city development, dynamic process evaluation is adopted, and the change and improvement degree of county-level city low-carbon construction
after planning approval is used as the evaluation criterion; 2) The index system is highly connected with the county general planning system, which
endow the low-carbon evaluation with operability at the planning level and facilitate it to be included in the assessment criteria of the implementation
evaluation of the county general planning; 3) Taking the county-level administrative regions of China as the spatial unit of low-carbon evaluation,
the overall low-carbon level of counties in China is quantitatively investigated, and the county-oriented evaluation standards are established.
Based on the connection between the low-carbon planning evaluation system and the county general planning system, this paper constructs an
evaluation system for low-carbon planning implementation, covering three county planning sub-objectives- spatial baseline, spatial structure and
efficiency, and spatial quality. In this way, we aim to establish a set of evaluation methods to reflect the implementation effectiveness of low-carbon
planning and construction. In addition, taking Wu’an city of Hebei Province as an example, the low-carbon evaluation and planning improvement
measures are put forward to provide important basis for implementation feedback and timely correction of territorial spatial planning in the low-
carbon level. The results show that: 1) the process evaluation method is highly applicable and operable for the dynamic development of counties in
China; 2) The evaluation system is systematically connected with the overall territorial space plan, which can effectively identify the weak links
in the implementation of the general plan for carbon control. This study takes Wu’an city as a case study to carry out the low-carbon planning
evaluation, form the optimization strategy of the general plan and demonstrate the feasibility of the evaluation system, aiming at providing an
important basis for implementation feedback and timely correction of the territorial space planning at the low carbon level. |
| Key words: Low-Carbon Evaluation General Spatial Planning County Region Plan Implementation Indicator System |
