| 摘要: |
| 职住失配研究最早起源于国外对弱
势群体的关注，当前国内研究中对于包括女
性、保障房居民等弱势群体虽已有不少关注，
但聚焦于低收入社区的职住均衡研究还并不
多见。低收入社区的职住均衡状况受到不同
社会发展阶段、不同建成环境的影响，国家
和地区间的差异较大，研究范式、方法和结
论往往不具备完全普适性。我国情况尤其特
殊，城市化进程快，地区间经济发展不平衡，
低收入社区的空间分布和职住状况复杂。因
此，本文以已有研究总结归类的三类低收入
城市社区作为研究框架，试图通过文献可视
化分析（Cite Space）和传统文献综述相结
合的方法，图谱式呈现当前国内外研究在此
议题上的进展，通过中外文献的比较评述，
分析当前低收入社区职住均衡研究对象、方
法以及结论中的争议与空白，为我国相关研究的展开提供理论支撑与方向。研究发现，低收入社区建成环境差异与居民社会经济属性特征
差异作为影响低收入社区职住空间均衡状况的关键要素存在研究不足的问题，部分导致了相关
规划与治理政策的缺失。 |
| 关键词: 空间失配 低收入社区 职住特征 规划治理 比较研究 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20210413 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（51978090） |
|
| The Spatial Mismatch of Urban Low-Income Communities and Planning Intervention:Based on the Comparative Analysis of Chinese and Foreign Researches |
|
XU Miao,CHEN Tao,MENG Yuanhua
|
| Abstract: |
| The research on the mismatch of job-housing originated from the concern of the vulnerable
groups abroad. Although there are many concerns about the vulnerable groups including women
and affordable housing residents in the current domestic research, there are few studies focusing on
the balance of job-housing in low-income communities. The job-housing balance of low-income
communities is affected by different social development stages and built-up environment. There are
great differences between countries and regions. The research paradigm, methods and conclusions are
often not fully universal. In China, the situation is especially special. The process of urbanization is
so fast that the economic development among regions is unbalanced. The spatial distribution of low-
income communities and the situation of job-housing are complex. Therefore, this paper attempts to
analyze the three types of low-income residential communities by Cite Space literature measurement
analysis , and traditional literature review are combined to present the progress of current domestic
and foreign research on this topic. Through the comparative review of domestic and foreign literature,
this paper analyzes the current job-housing balance research object and method of low-income
community and the controversy in the conclusion, so as to provide theoretical support and direction
for the development of related research in China.
First of all, through the keyword overview analysis to clarify the differences between
Chinese and foreign research target groups, it’s found that in foreign research, the research
target groups have relatively clear social characteristics, and most of them focus on vulnerable
groups. In contrast, domestic research groups need to be further refined. The lack of focus on
the target groups ignores that the employment accessibility of different groups may vary greatly,
and it will ignore the research on the job-housing relationship of vulnerable employment groups.
Secondly, this paper studies the characteristics of low-income communities, especially the job-
housing characteristics in foreign countries, so that we can clarify the differences of job-housing
characteristics problems in different regions and their influencing mechanisms. At the same time, this paper discusses the development and the community characteristics of low-income communities in China’s special national conditions
by means of classification and definition, and further discusses their job-housing characteristics. Finally, on the basis of the comparison between
Chinese and foreign studies, this paper summarizes the focus issues and disputes in the current research of job housing mismatch. It is found that
the built-up environment differences and individual attribute differences of low-income communities, as the key factors affecting the balance of job-
housing in low-income communities, are lack of research, which partly leads to the lack of relevant planning and governance policies. Therefore, it
is an important direction to focus on the research on the mismatch of occupation and residence space, which focuses on the differences between the
built environment and socio-economic characteristics of low-income groups. |
| Key words: Spatial Mismatch Low-Income Communities Job-Housing Characteristics Planning Intervention Comparative Research |
