| 摘要: |
| 农村聚居点的合理设计与建设是四
川山区村镇实现乡村振兴的重要环节，本文
通过对四川地区的实地调研，总结了四川山
地村镇在用地效率、产住协同与物理性能
上的现状特征。然后以宜宾李庄镇永胜村为
例，提出以“土地限制”“产业发展”“居住
提升”作为设计要素，以共生理论作为设计原
则，建立聚居点设计的整体框架。最后以宜
居宜业为目标，从选址规划、功能布局、舒适
度提升3个方面提出具体设计策略并完成施
工建设。 |
| 关键词: 山地村镇 聚居点 居住空间 设计
策略 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20210310 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:“十二五”科技支撑计划课题（2013BAJ11B01）；
重庆市科委技术创新与应用发展项目(cstc2019jscx-
msxm1604) |
|
| A Study on the Design Strategy of Newly Built Settlements in Sichuan Mountainous Villages:Taking Yongsheng Village of Li Zhuang Town of Yibin City as an Example |
|
QI Runzhao,ZHOU Tiejun,DONG Wenjing
|
| Abstract: |
| Since the beginning of the 21st century, with the rapid development of China’s economy and
the rapid progress of urbanization, the local government has invested more energy and resources into the
urban renewal and expansion construction, ignoring some rural residential problems, and rural areas have
to face various problems such as messy living environment and lack of infrastructure. With the increasing
attention of the country to the “three rural issues” and the implementation of the comprehensive layout of
the strategy of targeted poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, how to make reasonable planning and
layout of rural settlements and scientific design and construction of rural housing to create a livable living
environment, how to create a good living atmosphere, and how to improve the quality of life of farmers and
promote the appropriate industrial development, etc. have become important topics of great concern for
local governments and scholars.
China’s urban-rural dual system implemented in the 1950s, and has led to the widening
gap between urban and rural areas, resulting in serious “three rural issues”. After the reform
and opening up, the urban-rural dual system has gradually loosened, but the “three rural”
problem has become more and more serious because of the expansion nature of industrial
capital. Therefore, since 2004, the central government has focused on the “three rural issues”
in the form of No.1 document for 15 consecutive years, from the initial single emphasis on
supporting basic agricultural production to the construction of new countryside, and then
put forward new requirements for the production, life and living environment of the whole
countryside from the aspects of land, industry and housing. In recent years, the concept of “rural
industry housing coordination” and “rural complex” has been further proposed, which requires
the integrated development of industries to promote the improvement of rural infrastructure,
the improvement of living environment, and the narrowing of the gap between the rich and the
poor, so as to realize the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas. Looking at the policies
and regulations related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers in China for more than ten
years, it is not difficult to find that the policy focus of China’s rural development is gradually
changing from “increasing the production of basic agriculture” to “improving the agricultural
production efficiency”, “improving the rural living environment”, “getting rid of poverty” and
“synchronous development of production and life”. Therefore, the construction of today’s rural
settlements is not only the demand for the quantity of rural housing, but also a comprehensive and scientific layout and design from the land adaptability, production adaptability, residential adaptability and other aspects.
The reasonable design and construction of rural settlements is an important link to realize the rural revitalization of Sichuan mountainous
villages and towns. Through the field investigation in Sichuan Province, it is found that there are some characteristics of land use in Sichuan
Province, such as “scattered residence, non-intensive land use”, “low production housing coordination rate, increasingly prominent contradiction
between function and demand”, and “poor thermal performance of residence”. It is not comfortable and energy-saving. Then, taking Yongsheng
Village of Lizhuang Town in Yibin City as an example, based on the summary of the current situation of land, industry and housing, the paper puts
forward the design elements of “land restriction”, “industrial development” and “housing promotion”, and draws on the “symbiosis” theory and
domestic policy guidance for new rural construction, urban and rural construction and rural revitalization. Taking the production and living needs
of farmers as the organization core, the intensive and efficient use of land, the production and housing coordination of residential function, and
the comfortable and energy-saving residential environment as the main contents, this paper puts forward the design strategy of new settlement in
mountainous areas, and establishes the overall framework of settlement design. Finally, with the goal of livable and suitable for industry, the paper
puts forward “reasonable location planning strategy under the condition of land use restriction”, “functional organization strategy under the mode
of industry housing coordinated development” and “comfort improvement under the guidance of passive technology” from three aspects of location
planning, functional layout and comfort improvement, as well as in the completion of the corresponding construction.
The design strategy of the new settlement in Yongsheng Village of Lizhuang town is put forward according to the characteristics of
topography, land index limit, climate type and industrial transformation mode in Sichuan mountainous area, and it is also a beneficial exploration
for the “symbiosis” theory to guide the practical planning and construction. The practical case shows that the design of new rural settlements
in mountainous areas should not only excavate the characteristics of farming civilization, pastoral life and other humanistic feelings, but also
pay attention to the development needs of farmers themselves, the current situation requirements of regional economy and policy, and the
requirements of living comfort. |
| Key words: Mountain Villages Settlements Residential Space Design Strategies |
