| 摘要: |
| 在2009—2018年湖南省农村人居
环境碳排放量与碳排放强度测算的基础上，
构建STRIPAT扩展模型深入研究其驱动因
素筛选出农村建设过程中的主要碳排放源。
结果显示：一、湖南省农村人居环境碳排放
总量呈现逐年增长趋势，增长率205.8%，年
平均增速0.12%，但是人居环境碳排放强度
呈现整体下降的趋势，单位GDP的碳排放量
由2005年的0.99t/万元下降到2018年的0.29
t/万元；二、农村人居环境碳排放的主要影
响因子及系数由大到小分别是：机械化程
度（0.9527）、人均总支出（0.9446）、固定资
产投入（0.9266）、人均总收入（0.9233）；
三、农村主要碳排放源为：农业系统（农业
机械能源消耗、化肥农药使用）、居民生活
系统（工程项目建造过程、建筑运营管理能
源消费、交通出行能源消费）；四、传统基于终端能耗的碳排放测算方法并不能准确指导低碳用地规划，而基于碳排放清单对于农村不同用
地类型碳排放强度实地调研是未来农村低碳研究领域的重要内容。 |
| 关键词: 碳排放 碳源 影响因素 STRIPAT模型 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20210205 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家“十三五”重点研发计划课
题（2019YFD1101300）；河南省2020年研究生科研创
新项目课题（CX20200418） |
|
| Research on Carbon Emission Calculation and Influencing Factors of Rural HumanSettlement Environment under the Background of Rural Revitalization |
|
SONG Limei,XU Feng
|
| Abstract: |
| As the Chinese economy has rapidly developed, energy consumption and carbon
emissions in China’s rural areas have also steadily increased. Chinese government has
successively formulated various national actions and plans to deal with climate change, and has
carried out institutional reforms at the national and regional levels. However, there are significant
differences in resource endowments, economic development and energy consumption among
various provinces in China. The formulation of various policies must be based on local conditions
to explore low-carbon development models. As such, developing and building a low-carbon
living environment for “rural area” will likely promote reductions in rural carbon emissions. The
key to the human settlement environment in the countryside is “people”. It is a spatial place for
carrying out material production and life and other related activities to meet the needs of rural
residents’ production and life and the geographical space of the object's semi-artificial human
habitat. Which scope mainly includes three types of space: material activity space and natural
ecological space for rural residents to produce and live. With Chinese series of rural construction
strategies of new rural construction(2005), beautiful rural construction, livable villages and
towns construction and livable and industry-specific villages and towns construction (2017),
infrastructure construction in rural China, the upgrading of industrial structure, the improvement
of the ecological environment, etc. had led to significant changes in the total carbon emissions in
rural China. Statistics show that from 2005 to 2017, the carbon emissions of living energy in rural
areas of China have increased year by year, and the carbon emissions of per capita living energy
consumption have increased from 0.22 t/person to 0.74 t/person, with a growth rate of 10.56%
in 12 years. Carbon emissions from agricultural production increased from 91.594 million tons
to 10.998 million tons in 2017. Both the rural production space and the living land space show a
high-carbon trend, Chinese villages must take the path of low carbon, environmental protection
and green economy because of the unrecoverable ecological. And there is an urgent need for a
comprehensive multi-disciplinary approach to systematically develop low-carbon rural human settlements.
Based on the results of carbon emissions and carbon emission intensity of rural human settlements in Hunan Province from 2005 to 2018, this
paper used the STRIPAT model to analyze the main driving factors of carbon emissions and screened out the main sources of carbon emissions in
rural construction of rural human settlements. The results indicated that: 1)The carbon emissions of rural human settlements in Hunan Province
increased year by year, with 205.8% growth rate and an average annual growth rate of 0.12%. But the Carbon emission intensity appeared to be an
overall downward trend, decreased from 0.99t/million in 2005 to 0.29t/million in 2018. The results of the study indicated that the overall carbon
emissions of rural human settlements are still in a growing trend, but the carbon emissions per unit of GDP are gradually decreasing, which means
the growth rate of carbon emissions is becoming smaller, which is a good start for carbon emission reduction; 2)The main influencing factors and
index of rural human settlements carbon emissions in Hunan were: mechanization (0.9527), per capita total expenditure (0.9446), fixed assets
investment (0.9266), and Per capita gross income (0.9233); 3)The main sources of carbon emissions in rural areas of Hunan are agricultural systems
(agricultural machinery energy consumption, fertilizers and pesticides use), residential living systems (construction process, building operation and
management energy consumption, transportation energy consumption). It can be proved that the main influencing factors of carbon emissions from
rural human settlements are economic and technological. Therefore, the energy consumption structure and utilization efficiency of agricultural
machinery and equipment in the modernization of rural agriculture, as well as the energy consumption of existing buildings and new construction
projects are important breakthroughs in monitoring carbon content and achieving carbon emission reduction in the process of rural revitalization; 4)
The traditional carbon emission measurement method based on energy consumption cannot accurately guide the planning of low-carbon land use
and the field investigation of the carbon emission intensity of different types of land use in rural areas based on the carbon emission list is an important
content of the future rural low-carbon research.
The research results on the one hand determine the main sources of carbon emissions in rural human settlements, and on the other hand guide
the carbon emission calculation methods at the rural land level by combing the carbon emission inventory to better guide rural low-carbon land
planning. |
| Key words: Rural Revitalization Carbon Emissions Carbon Source Influential Factors STRIPAT Model |
