| 摘要: |
| 旋螺殿是巴蜀地区明代木构建筑研
究的重要案例，但其斗栱营造在后来的维修
中发生了较多的改变，这给后续研究带来极
大困扰。本文在2018年旋螺殿与1944年《旋
螺殿》的对比阅读中，着重对斗栱类型和配
置方式、斗栱出跳跳头样式和配置方式两个
方面进行了对比分析，并尝试解决了以下三个
问题，旋螺殿斗栱中的替换与改动、原设计
意图及原状 |
| 关键词: 2018年旋螺殿 1944年《旋螺殿》 斗栱替换与改动 斗栱设计意图与原状 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年基金项目（51708051） |
|
| An Exploration on the Design Intention and Original State of Dougong of LizhuangXuanluo Hall in Yibin, Sichuan Province: A Comparative Reading Between the ArticleXuanluo Hall in 1944 and the Xuanluo Hall Building in 2018 |
|
LENG Jie,RAO Minqi,CHEN Ke,FENG Di
|
| Abstract: |
| The Xuanluo Hall is an important case of the study of Ming Dynasty wooden
structures in Bashu district, and the design and construction of dougong is the most distinctive
part of this building. However, through the mapping and investigation in 2018, the authors find
out that dougong of this building had been changed a lot during the later maintenances. In the
research of architectural history, the accuracy of research conclusion primarily depends on
the authenticity of research objects. Therefore, the changes of dougong in Xuanluo Hall bring
great troubles to the follow-up research. In this article, this is a comparative reading between
the article Xuanluo Hall published by Society for Research of Chinese Architectures in 1944
and the Xuanluo Hall building in 2018. Through the comparison and analysis of the type and
configuration of the bracket sets, along with the pattern and configuration of interior and
exterior projections of the perpendicular bracket-arm between 2018 and 1943, the following
three problems are discussed in this article: the replacement and changes of dougong, the
original design intention and the original status of dougong.
Firstly, through the comparative study, the authors find out that the ruyi dougong under
the third floor eave were most likely kept in the original status, while 13 bracket sets under the
first and second floor eaves had been changed. Through the direct comparison with the type
and pattern of bracket sets in 1943, ten bracket sets changed are found; though the comparison
of the differences in the pattern of exterior projections of the perpendicular bracket-arm in
2018 (there is no relevant record in 1944), the authors can tell that seven bracket sets had been
changed; according to the introduction given by the former administrator, the intermediate
bracket set in the south has also been changed. Due to the coincidence of five bracket sets in
the first two comparisons, in fact there are 13 changed bracket sets, which are the first floor
corner bracket sets in southwest, southeast and north right, the second floor corner bracket sets
in southeast, southwest, south left and northwest, and the first floor intermediate bracket sets
in southeast, northeast, southwest, northwest, north and south.Secondly, considering the maturity of the design thinking of the wooden frame of Xuanluo hall, the authors think that the original design
thinking of dougong in Xuanluo hall should be clear and logical. Analysis on the type and pattern of bracket sets between 2018 and 1943 shows
that clear and logical intention of bracket sets is shown more obviously in dougong in 1943. In general, the intention of construction of dougong
in Xuanluo hall is focusing, visual rich and easy to operate, which is shown specifically in the following three aspects. Firstly, the use of ruyi
dougong highlights the particularity of the upper roof and forms a visual focus; secondly, the importance and particularity of the south entrance
is emphasized through the difference of the type and pattern configuration of bracket sets; thirdly, the difference of the corner bracket set and
intermediate bracket set is reflected and the visual richness is realized through the difference type and pattern configuration of bracket sets.
Thirdly, based on the above two items, the authors speculate on the original status of dougong in Xuanluo Hall. In terms of the type and
configuration of bracket sets, ruyi dougong is used under the third floor eave, and there are two types in the corner bracket sets under the first and
second floor eaves and two types of the intermediate bracket sets under the first floor eave. Under the first and the second floor eave, the two corner
bracket sets in south are type Z1, and the rest of corner bracket sets are type Z2; Under the first floor eave, the intermediate bracket set in south is type
B1, and the rest are type B2. In terms of the pattern and configuration of exterior projections of the second jump perpendicular bracket-arm, the pattern
of south corner bracket sets under the first floor eave is dragon head, the pattern of other corner bracket sets (including the first and second floor) is
elephant head with teeth, the pattern of the south intermediate bracket set is elephant head with teeth, and the pattern of other intermediate bracket sets
is simplified elephant head. In terms of the pattern and configuration of interior projections of the second jump perpendicular bracket-arm, the pattern
of the south intermediate bracket set is dragon head, the pattern of other intermediate bracket sets is maye cloud; the pattern of south corner bracket sets
under the first floor eave is cloud grass1, the pattern of other corner bracket sets under the first floor eave is cloud grass 2; the pattern of south corner
bracket sets under the second floor eave is maye cloud, the pattern of other corner bracket sets under the second floor eave is cloud grass 3.
Finally, through the research and analysis of the whole article, the authors deeply realize the importance of the extremely rigorous working
attitude people should hold, whether as the protectors or researchers of the historical relics, and have the responsibility to transmit more authentic
remains and information to the later generations. |
| Key words: Building Xuanluo Hall in 2018 Xuanluo Hall Published in 1944 the Replacement and Changes of Dougong the Design
Intention and Original State of Dougong |
