引用本文:
【打印本页】   【下载PDF全文】   查看/发表评论  【EndNote】   【RefMan】   【BibTex】
←前一篇|后一篇→ 过刊浏览    高级检索
本文已被:浏览 318次   下载 794 本文二维码信息
码上扫一扫!
分享到: 微信 更多
绿色装配式建筑及其BIM技术应用的思考
蒋博雅1, 刘少瑜2,3,4
1.南京工业大学建筑学院,副教授;2.( 通讯作者):北京建筑大学北京未来 城市设计高精尖创新中心,客座教授;3.香港注册建筑师;4.英国注册碳审计师, laustephensyy@gmail.com
摘要:
疫情时期见证了BIM技术和装配 式建筑模式结合的重要性,装配式建筑“设 计、施工、运维”“建筑、结构、机电、装 修”“技术、管理、市场”三个一体化共同基 于BIM技术实现全过程、全链条的信息共享 与协同,构成智慧建造平台,是未来推动建 筑产业高速、高效、高质量发展的重要技术 支撑。根据项目BIM数据信息于各端口间的 无损传递、线上实时调取、轻量化操作等特 性,在BIM技术本身所具有的核心功能下,以 不同阶段中BIM技术的应用过程为基础,探 索BIM技术在建筑全生命周期各阶段正向设 计中的特点与发展方向,分别提出BIM技术 在三个一体化背景下的工作要点及针对亟待 解决的技术瓶颈的一些思考。
关键词:  装配式建筑  BIM技术  正向设计  智慧建造  协同管理
DOI:10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20200602
分类号:
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(51708282);南京工业大学 2020年自选课题(“一带一路”化工与建筑行业 中外人文交流研究专项)(立项编号:20ZX19); 南京工业大学科研培育体系(哲学社会科学)项 目(JSSK201905)
The Study of BIM Technology Applications in Green Prefabricated Buildings
JIANG Boya,LAU Stephen Siu Yu
Abstract:
The COVID Epidemic has witnessed the importance of combining BIM technology with prefabricated buildings. The “design, construction, operation and maintenance”, “construction, structure, electromechanics, decoration”, “technology, management and market” of prefabricated buildings are all integrated together based on BIM technology, realizing information sharing and collaboration in the whole chain among the whole process. To constitute an intelligent building platform is an important technical support to promote the high-speed, high-efficiency and high-quality development of the construction industry in the future. Based on the characteristics of nondestructive transmission, on-line real-time retrieval and lightweight operation of BIM data and information between various ports of the project, under the core functions of BIM technology itself and on the basis of the application process of BIM technology in different stages, the characteristics and development direction of BIM technology in the forward design of each stage of the whole life cycle of the building are explored, work features of BIM technology in the context of the abovementioned three integrations are proposed and ideas have been put forward to address the technical bottlenecks. For prefabricated buildings, the future development is mainly concentrated in three aspects: 1) steel-concrete composite structure is an important design point; 2) the application of a variety of new materials greatly expands the constructive methods and forms of the buildings; 3) the composite structure will greatly improve the level of industrialization, and achieve excellent sealing performance, sound insulation, heat insulation effects in China. While the country is vigorously promoting the development of industrial construction, information technology and digital technology are also in full swing. At present, some enterprises have realized the application of BIM technology during the whole process, from the design of structural components to the final fine decoration. However, in the design process, architects often encounter such a situation, a common plan proposed by the owner is required to be slightly changed, so that the tens of thousands of components must be modified under the traditional way—drawing manually. The designer always sits up all night because of the multitasks, so how one could resolve the complex cooperation? Information technology at the era of Cloud Computing provides the solution. The system is competent to handle huge project budget, project supply chain, project management system, factory component production, product delivery management, factory personnel management, financial control and so on. Finally, the system put into practice on the production line, namely the steel line production management, mixing plant production management, component production management and logistics transportation management. These data are integrated on the information platform, through which one could track the location of the vehicle, the progress about component production in factory or in cooperation factory, the process flow and the production team, yard name and location, distribution of goods, etc. In this way, multi- project, multi-factory and hundreds of thousands of components are traceable. It also goes all the way back to the productive activities of each worker. It could be seen that there are many component drawings, and it will be difficult to conduct quality supervision and management without a unified standard. The core of product data includes four modules: first, data collection; the second one is data analysis; the third one is the presentation of data; the final one is data feedback. Among these four modules, the existing challenge lies in the difficulty for collecting initial information, as some manufacturers tried to use RF CARDS, but they found that they had to buy a terminal—scanning guns, a waste of resources, and then switched to two-dimensional code, because one could conveniently use mobile phones to operate. On the other hand, information collection activities should be adapted to and combined with the factory management system, to avoid top-down layer of human supervision. Instead, code scanning activities should be incorporated into daily production activities and become an indispensable part of production activities. The direction of the research of new technology in the future is a deep issue. Instead of linear algebraic way of thinking, application of the thinking way of quantum mechanics is available, although two-dimensional code is one of the best way to read, input information, it is not the most convenient and the most optimal way, for example, the document need to print and personnel mobile need to operate. Especially, component quality control and code technology are still constantly by human to read and input information, and the number of components can be hundreds of thousands or even millions. If face recognition technology is applied, and a computer with learning ability will reduce a lot of human labor. Thus, in the research and development of production equipment, one could try to add face recognition and some new algorithms for quality supervision. At present, the industry of prefabricated components promotes standardization so that the refinement of each control node is incorporated into the massive information of logistics, raw materials and warehouse management. A more refined digital assembly line is a guarantee for financial supervision. The future of digital applications such as real-name authentication, electronic signature, online payment and digital assets is not only construction industrialization, but also a new type of industrialization. This kind of industrialization assures the cooperation of IT technology, PC, manufacturing technology, equipment automation, prefab manufacturing technology and financial industry. This cross-boundary cooperation is the future modernization of the construction industry.
Key words:  Prefabricated Building  BIM Technology  Forward Design  Intelligent Building  Synergetic Management