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| 公共卫生视野下的疗愈环境研究与实践 |
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李孟琦1, 徐磊青2
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1.同济大学建筑与城市规划学院，博士研究生;2.（ 通讯作者）：同济大学建筑与城市规划学
院，教授，博士生导师，leiqingxu@163.com
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| 摘要: |
| 本文探讨了公共卫生视角下疗愈环
境研究与实践的发展。理想的疗愈系统是由
内往外的系统建构，疗愈环境是外部环境的
一部分，其类型包括自然环境、城市环境、
建筑环境和室内环境等。本文结合研究阐述
了当前疗愈环境的实践，已经从传统的康复
花园和治愈景观，拓展到疗愈街道、疗愈建
筑、虚拟疗愈等多种环境领域。并指出应该
将疗愈环境结合进公共卫生体系中, 作为健
康城市运动的一部分，获得新的发展动力。 |
| 关键词: 公共卫生 疗愈环境 亲自然城市 疗愈街道 疗愈建筑 虚拟疗愈 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20200506 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51378355；51778422） |
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| Research and Practice of Healing Environment from Public Health Perspective |
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LI Mengqi,XU Leiqing
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| Abstract: |
| Health is a good state of physical, mental, and social interaction, not only suggesting
the elimination of disease. When the coronavirus outbreak occurred, almost everyone had a
stress response. The widespread infection of the coronavirus has also brought physical and
psychological problems to uninfected people. The prolonged vacation, the delay of work
resumption, and the period of resuming school make people feel anxious, nervous, and lose their
temper. Even if they stay home, the various pressures and negative emotions could affect them.
When the lockdown policies implemented, decompression, anxiety, tension, and promotion of
mental and physical health have emerged as a severe problem during the online home teaching
and office working, and also become public health issues that urgently need to be addressed.
Public health agencies commonly use policy evaluation and safeguard measures to prevent
diseases, extend life span, and promote physical and mental health quality. As far as the medical
field is concerned, public health emphasizes disease prevention and disease control for the
community, and is different from ordinary medical services. Since the mid-20th century, the most
essential concerns of public health have gradually changed from infectious diseases to chronic
diseases. Depression, anxiety and loneliness have become common chronic public diseases,
and the triggering of these diseases has a strong connection with our living environment. The
environment stimulates us to initiate physiological and thinking processes, reduces anxiety by
attracting or distracting the attention of patients or related groups, and brings positive changes
to their psychological feelings. These changes include pleasure, encouragement, satisfaction,
enjoyment, calmness, praise, and etc. The healing environment can bring these positive changes
and becomes a reliable and sustainable environmental design intervention in public health.
With the employment of medical technology and the improvement of the people's overall
health concept, the concepts of the healing environment continue expanding. The scope of this
application has also expanded from the initial healthcare issues to non-medical fields such as
the living environment, working environment, learning environment, streets, communities,
and urban green spaces. The scope of the healing environment has also expanded from
patients, family members, and medical staff to more general public communities.
Public requirements for health care have are such urgent today. The pandemic has strongly
warned us, and deeply promoted urban planning and environmental design to accelerate the
development of a healthy city. The planning for building healthy city and the increasing public
health concerns have pushed the current urban planning based on infrastructure and building
environment into a comprehensive transformation of an operation-managed urban health system. The healthy city project promoted by the World Health Organization is a long-term sustainable plan, and the goal is to push forward the
health issues with urban decision-makers, prompt local governments to formulate corresponding health plans, thereby further improving the
health status of residents.
As a part of the urban health system, the healing environment can help us reduce health problems, reduce public demands for medical care,
decrease the risks of suicide, and promote the accumulation of social capital. The healing environment involves all the components of general
health status, including cure, care, well-being and health care. Healing both helps solve physical and psychological problems, and the problems in
workplace and social life. Homesteading and loneliness are common public health problems in this century, and the healing environment could
also help relieve this problem.
The healing environment is related to everyone's physical and mental health, and should be supplemented into the public health system to
further drive it to a better development. We need to promote the healing environment from the initially environmental protection design to a part
of the healthy city planning. From the perspective of public health, we need to carefully consider the historical status and continuous development
of the healing environment. At the same time, the designs of the healing environment are supposed to contain various types of health protection
contents, management of urban planning, landscape design, and architecture, and virtual design of the human settlement environment, in order to
cope with the increasing health concerns and major public health crises.
This study evaluates the development of researches and practices on healing environment from public health perspectives. The ideal
healing system is supposed to be constructed both considering the external and internal demands, and could be regarded as a part of the
external environment, including natural environment, urban environment, building environment, and indoor environment. This paper describes
the current practices and studies of healing environments, which have expanded from traditional healing gardens, healing landscapes, and
biophilic urbanism, to healing streets, healing buildings, healing indoor space, virtual healing and other environmental fields. This study also
demonstrates that the healing environment should be integrated into the public health system as a part of the healthy city planning to achieve
further development for public health care. |
| Key words: Public Health Healing Environment Biophilic City Healing Street Healing Building Virtual Healing |
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