| 摘要: |
| 羌族地域文化气息浓厚，地域空间
独特而富有民族色彩。羌族村寨公共空间不
仅是羌族文化的重要载体，同时也是羌族地
域美丽乡村建设要研究的重点内容。本文采
用定量分析与定性分析相结合的理论研究方
式，运用网络层次分析法（ANP）进行构建
羌族村寨公共空间评价模型，分析研究羌族
村寨公共空间评价体系，揭示羌族村寨公共
空间特色主导要素因子，旨在为羌族地域公
共空间设计提供理论参考。 |
| 关键词: 羌族村寨 公共空间 评价体系 模型构建 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20200315 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:四川省哲学社会科学重点研究基地——羌学研究
中心项目（QXY1613） |
|
| A Preliminary Analysis of the Public Space Evaluation System of Qiang Ethnic Group Villages |
|
CHEN Liqun,CHENG Bin,LIU Fan,YUAN Haiqing
|
| Abstract: |
| Qiang ethnic group, with a distinctive culture and traditional features, is known by the unique
ethnic flavor of its geographical space. The public space of Qiang ethnic group village is not only an
important medium of Qiang ethnic group’s culture, but also a focal point for the analysis of Qiang ethnic
group’s rural construction. The Qiang ethnic group towers and villages show the high wisdom of the
ancient Qiang ethnic group from the aspects of construction materials, process technology, architectural
modeling and settlement layout. Their construction process fully demonstrates the architectural aesthetics
such as ecology, space and decoration. The protection and inheritance of public space of Qiang ethnic
group village is an important research topic. The public space of the Qiang ethnic group region not only
has its distinctive social and ethnic character, but also has its special landscape production environment.
Therefore, it is necessary to establish a public space evaluation model that fits the Qiang ethnic group’s
own characteristics, and can focus on the Qiang ethinc group’s culture. The impact factor which can show
Qiang ethinc group space regional culture characteristics is adopted to carry out cultural counterpoint
expression for the purpose of achieving the precise focus of regional culture. The public space features of
Qiang ethnic group village should be expressed in data as far as possible, and it plays an important role in
maintaining the Qiang ethnic group cultural tradition, inheriting and developing the layout characteristics
of Qiang ethnic group villages. With a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods, this
paper aims to use Analytic Network Process (ANP) to set up an evaluation system of Qiang ethnic group’s
public space, finding the major features of it, and thus providing theoretical basis for the design of Qiang
ethnic group’s public space. This paper adopts the following steps: firstly, the preliminary classification
of Qiang ethnic group village public space; secondly, preliminary selection of the elements and indexes
of the public space evaluation system of Qiang ethnic group village; thirdly, the evaluation system of
public space in different Qiang ethnic group villages is analyzed at network level; fourthly, get the weight
value of the evaluation factors of public space in Qiang ethnic group village; Fifthly, the significance
of the weight value is analyzed, and the characteristics represented by the value are compared with the
current situation. The evaluation index system of public space in Qiang ethnic group village was divided
into three levels by establishing an analysis model of the influence relationship of public space elements
in Qiang ethnic group village. The first layer is the target layer and the general target of Qiang ethnic
group village public space evaluation. The second layer is the control criterion layer, which is the four
control criteria for evaluating Qiang ethnic group village public space, including spatial environment,
spatial pattern, architectural features, cultural features. The third layer is the index factor layer, which
is for each specific index element of public space in Qiang ethnic group village, including 20 indexes such as spatial sequence characteristics, spatial openness or enclosure degree, spatial scale and its changes, and coupling between space and building. From
the research, in the first type of public space, the bridge gallery spatial characteristics and street scale occupy a large proportion, which can form dimensional
characteristic most. In the design, the spatial value of the bridge gallery should be continued, we can create a display place for public activities of the Qiang ethnic
group people from the perspective of conservation and innovation, then the characteristic function of gathering people, retaining rhyme could be restored. The
second kind of public space evaluation data shows that the temples, towers, villages can form their own public space characteristics. This type of space should be
dominated by conservation and protect cultural features and architectural styles at the same time. We should pay special attention to the protection of humanistic
landscape in this kind of space in the tourism development. In the third kind of public space, drainage and various characteristic buildings accounted for a larger
proportion, which constitute the public space together. More attention should be paid to ecological restoration in Qiang ethnic group village of this kind. Under
the premise of protection, modern technology should be used to build a new type Qiang ethnic group village pattern which has harmonious combination of water
system and characteristic architecture. The conclusions are as follows: first, each of the three types of public spaces has its own spatial features, and this is where
their main features are embodied; secondly, building materials and texture both have a high weight, and this is the inherent embodiment of the common culture
of Qiang ethnic group people in shaping the public space of the village, it is also the most dominant factor affecting the spatial characteristics, and we should
focus on village protection and inheritance in the design; thirdly, the three types of public space elements are similar, and this requires that attention should be
paid to the systematic display of various elements in the shaping of public space. This paper proposes the following suggestions. Firstly, we should overall grasp
the evaluation elements according to the public space design scheme in order to create the overall pattern of public space system in Qiang ethnic group village.
Secondly, grasp the key influencing factors in all kinds of space indicator. Thirdly, it should be combined with practical maneuverability, and attention should
be paid to the completeness of the expression of influencing factors, and the goal is to create the a Qiang ethnic group village which has landscape features and
cultural connotation. |
| Key words: Qiang Ethnic Group Village Public Space Evaluation System Modeling |
