| 摘要: |
| 现有山地居住区植物景观的设计，
常忽略居民审美喜好，导致其不能完全符合
游憩者喜好。本文以山地居住区环境中植物
景观为研究对象，对重庆城区不同环境中的
居住区植物景观展开调研，运用视觉美景度
（SBE）评价，结合主成分因子提取法，构建
适用于山地居住区植物景观的评价模型。结
果显示：第一，景观色彩丰富程度，对山地居
住区环境影响最大；第二，因地制宜地梳理
山地居住区植被显著度与景观空间序列，能
提升居住区环境整体质量；第三，植物群落
类型多样性与美景度值呈负相关，根据居住
区内地形条件分区域营造植物景观更符合居
民审美喜好。 |
| 关键词: 山地居住区 美景度评价 植物景
观 因子分析 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20190411 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（51708055） |
|
| Study on Landscape Evaluation Model of Urban Residential in Mountain Areas |
|
YANG Peiliang,YANG Chunyu,LIU Cong
|
| Abstract: |
| In China, 67% of the country’s land isin the form of mountains and rivers, and more
than half of the country’s towns and cities are in mountainous areas. With the development of
cities and adjustment measures to local conditions, mountainous residential areawith unique
characteristicscan be seen everywhere.The landscape level, to enrich the three-dimensional space
form different from the northern plains urban residential area, unique in the residential area
landscape, often become a scenery in the city, and is an organic component of the unique style of
urban landscape in southwest China. However, the existing landscape planning of mountainous
residential areas is mainly based on architecture, which often ignores the unique characteristics
of plant landscape of mountainous residential areas and residents’ aesthetic preferences. The use
of multi-dimensional three-dimensional space, rich landscape layer and the relationship between
the urban landscapes have not been paid enough attention by the designer, with the mountain
residential area plant landscape as an accessory to the building set up after the architectural
design. It is found thatthe most relevant literatureon the landscape plant planning of the existing
mountain area isfrom the angle of the design methods of research, and those from the perspective
of subjective visual evaluation systematically are less. As an important part of the mountain city
landscape, theoverall qualityofplant landscape directly affect the visual sensory experience of
residents, the psychological dynamic fl uctuation and the overall evaluation of residential areas.
In this study, nine plant landscapes of mountainous residential areas with three different
mountain positions were selected to conduct a systematic study on the landscapes of mountainous
residential areas. The selected sample sites are targeted to reflect the three types landscape
characteristics of mountain residential areas (top of mountain type, slope type and valley type),
and the selection of each type of residential environment are as follows. 1) The construction site
of the selected residential area should have obvious mountain topographic features, and there
should be obvious topographic fl uctuation within the land scope, and the average slope of the
ground should be more than 5%. 2) The selection of sample land should involve different types of
residential land scale. 3) The selection of sample plots should involve various vegetation forms.
4) The construction level of residential areas, according to the construction level of different
residential areas plant landscape construction effect is different. According to the different
professional backgrounds of the participants, the evaluation is divided into three groups:
garden expert group, garden student group and general household group. SBE evaluation, SD
evaluation and multiple linear regression method are used to carry out quantitative evaluation
on the current situation of plant landscape, and study on the degree of scenic beauty of plant landscape in mountainous residential areas and the proportion weight of factors affecting plant landscape in residential areas. The field photos are
used as the research media to carry out the environmental evaluation of the research site in the room. In order to make the research sample have
universal significance, the sample collection follows the following four points: 1) the sample content should reflect the plant landscape characteristics
of each region in the mountainous residential area; 2) screening samples should be representative; 3) the shooting of the sample takes into account the
influence of weather changes on the effect of the sample; 4) in this paper, the same camera was used to shoot the survey site. The camera direction
was kept between 30° and 60° with the roadside plant landscape, parallel to the road surface, and the shooting height was controlled at the distance
between human eyes and the ground (1.5 m). A total of 271photos were collected and 12 representative samples were selected for beauty evaluation.
The results show that:landscape color harmony、significant degree of vegetation、landscape color lightness、regional landscape integrity、the
diversity of plant community types、residential area landscape coordination、plant community abundance contour level and vegetation abundance
space are the factors.The results of Chongqing mountain residential plant landscape beauty degree model is set up: SBE=1.614+0.277Xa+0.374Xb-
0.112Xc+0.322Xd+0.14Xe+0.115Xf+0.12Xg+0.203Xh; Xa represents landscape color harmony、Xb represents Significant degree of vegetation、Xc
represents landscape colour lightness、Xd represents regional landscape integrity、Xe represents the diversity of plant community types、Xf represents
residential area landscape coordination、Xg represents plant community abundance contour level; Xh represents vegetation abundance space.
The richness of landscape color has the greatest influence on the environment of residencesinmountainarea. Combing vegetation significance and
landscape spatial sequence according to local conditions can improve the overall environmental quality of residential areas. The diversity of plant
community type is negatively correlated with the beauty value, and the creation of plant landscape by region according to the local topography is
more consistent with the residents’ aesthetic preference. |
| Key words: Mountainous Residence SBE Method Landscape Plant Factor Analysis |
