| 摘要: |
| 在我国高铁快速发展带动下，高
铁新城大量涌现，随之而来的问题也逐渐
显现。本文基于对国内外典型案例的对比研
究，从决策定位、规划设计、开发建设三个角
度分析我国高铁新城现状建设问题成因并提
出优化措施。在决策层面，实行站城一体化
模式和城市更新策略；在规划设计层面，明确
小规模、渐进式、缓节奏的思路和一体化、
人性化、特色化的理念；在开发建设层面，落
实公私合作开发策略，构建科学规范的管理
平台，推行奖励政策，为我国高铁新城建设
提供实效性的优化路径。 |
| 关键词: 高铁新城 问题成因 决策定位 规划设计 开发建设 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20190409 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:2018住建部科学计划（2018-K2-026）;
天津大学自主创新基金社科战略布局
（2019XSZ-0010） |
|
| The Reflection and Optimization of China’s HSR New Town Construction |
|
SHEN Yichen,ZANG Xinyu,CHEN Tian
|
| Abstract: |
| In the past five years, railway investment has been the most concentrated and
intensive period in China’s history. Driven by the rapid development of high-speed rail in China,
many local governments hope to build new cities or districts relying on high-speed rail to
promote the continuous warming of land market, and even solve various problems in old city and
old urban areas. The purpose of the high-speed rail new towns (Abbr. HSR New Town) is to give
more urban functions to the traffi c distribution centers by relying on the development of highspeed
railway stations and their surrounding areas, and to form a space region with independent
spatial structure, social functions and industrial support through supporting construction of
residential, commercial, commercial and entertainment facilities. This paper summarizes the
existing problems in the development of HSR New Town in China, and takes 37 high-speed rail
stations in Fujian Province as an example to conduct empirical research. The current situation of
HSR New Town is summarized as four main problems: remote location, inconvenient travel, low
construction volume and diffi cult to gather popularity, lack of features on one side of a thousand
cities, single financing debt risk. On this basis, based on the comparative study of domestic
cases and typical cases of Japanese Shinkansen and European railways, this paper analyses
the causes of the problems in the current construction of China’s HSR New Town from three
perspectives: decision-making orientation, planning and design, development and construction.
The causes of the problem are summarized as the decision-making orientation level. Because
of the differences in cost balance and revenue mode between railway departments and local
governments, there are different tendencies in the selection of railway lines and stations. At the
planning and design level, the current separation of station and city spatial layout, the pursuit of
land expansion construction ideas cannot bring intensive and effi cient compact urban space. At
the level of development and construction, due to the dominance of the government under the
existing administrative system and the emphasis on performance and fi nance, local governments
are over-involved in decision-making, planning more reflects the will of the government, and
market and public participation are squeezed. Finally, from the perspective of decision-making,
planning and design, development and construction, this paper puts forward the optimization
strategies for the current situation of HSR New Town in China. At the decision-making level, it
is suggested to change the thinking of decision-making by setting up a special HSR New Town
or district management committee to promote the overall coordination of traffic construction
and urban development, and to form a virtuous circular development model in which railway
traffi c construction and urban regional development promote each other. At the same time, it is
proposed that the construction of the surrounding areas should be from incremental development
to inventory revitalization, implement the mode of station-city integration and urban renewal
strategy, weigh the interests of the owner of property rights through benefit compensation after development, and carry out requirements and constraints through legislation. At the planning and design level, it is suggested to improve the
planning and design, and to clarify the small-scale, gradual and slow-paced planning ideas and integrated, humanized and characteristic design
concepts. At the level of development and construction, we should innovate construction paths, implement public-private cooperative development
strategies, build a scientific and standardized management platform, break the existing organizational mode of dividing functions and ownership by
space, coordinate the relationship among the development subjects through project organization, and coordinate the development and construction of
the surrounding areas of the new town. The formulation of incentive policies and the rational use of private capital and public power are conducive
to promoting all stakeholders to achieve common goals. Define the phased objectives and set the short-, medium- and long-term goals respectively.
In the process of phased development, we can review the direction of development and adjust the target orientation, scale and development mode
of the station area effectively when we encounter problems. Finally, the new urban problems caused by the construction of HSR New Town need
to fundamentally change the way of thinking of the government, relevant departments and designers, and optimize and adjust the three aspects of
decision-making positioning, planning and design, development and construction. By putting forward pertinent strategies, a scientific and effective
decision-making-planning-implementation integrated development and construction system is constructed to provide an effective optimization path
for the construction of HSR New Town in China. |
| Key words: High-Speed Rail New Town Cause of the Problem Policy Decision Planning and Design Development and Construction |
