| 摘要: |
| 改革开放近40年来，广东省经济社
会发展取得了令人瞩目的成就，以专业镇为核
心代表的产业集群发挥了重要的推动作用。
因此，科学认识广东省专业镇的空间分布特
征及影响因素对区域经济社会的健康发展
具有十分重要意义。通过ArcGIS空间分析工
具，分析了广东省419个专业镇的空间分布特
征和影响因素。研究表明：广东省专业镇空间
分布类型为凝聚型，从市域尺度来看，专业镇
的地理分布较为集中，主要集中分布在梅州、
东莞、佛山、汕头、云浮、惠州、江门7市。而
在广东省四大地理区域中，专业镇的分布也不
均衡，呈集中分布趋势，主要集中在珠三角地
区，其次是粤北地区。最后，从核密度估计分
析来看，专业镇在珠三角地区东西两岸和潮
汕地区形成了3个高度密集区。自然环境、城
乡关系、社会文化以及制度政策对专业镇的
形成和发展具有重要作用，是影响广东省专
业镇空间分布的重要因素。 |
| 关键词: 专业镇 空间分布 影响因素 广
东省 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20190308 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学基金重大项目（18ZDA161）；
国家自然科学基金项目(51678241)；亚热
带建筑科学国家重点实验室自主创新项目
(2017KB08) |
|
| Spatial Distribution Features and Influencing Factors of Specialized Towns in Guangdong Province |
|
ZHAO Yongqi,MA Jiaojiao,TIAN Yinsheng
|
| Abstract: |
| In the past 40 years of reform and opening up, Guangdong’s economic and social
development has made remarkable achievements. The industrial cluster represented by
specialized towns has played an important role in promoting. Therefore, scientific understanding
of the spatial distribution characteristics and inf luencing factors of specialized towns in
Guangdong Province is of great significance to the healthy development of regional economy
and society. Through the spatial analysis tool of ArcGIS, the spatial distribution characteristics
and influencing factors of 419 specialized towns in Guangdong Province were analyzed. The
research shows that the spatial distribution of specialized towns in Guangdong Province is
cohesive. From the perspective of city scale, the geographical distribution of specialized towns is
concentrated, mainly concentrated in the seven cities of Meizhou, Dongguan, Foshan, Shantou,
Yunfu, Huizhou and Jiangmen. In the four geographical regions of Guangdong Province, the
distribution of specialized towns is not balanced, showing a concentrated distribution trend,
mainly concentrated in the Pearl River Delta region, followed by the northern Guangdong region.
Finally, from the nuclear density estimation analysis, the specialized town has formed three
highly dense areas in the east and west sides of the Pearl River Delta region and in the Chaoshan
area. The natural environment, urban-rural relations, social culture and institutional policies
play an important role in the formation and development of specialized towns and are important
factors influencing the spatial distribution of specialized towns in Guangdong Province.
Firstly, the natural geographical environment is an important factor affecting the spatial
distribution of specialized towns in Guangdong Province. From the distribution of specialized
towns in Guangdong Province, most of the specialized towns are located in the plains and
mountain valleys, while the specialized towns are concentrated in the Pearl River Delta and the
eastern plains of Guangdong. The main reason is that the plain area and the mountain valley
area are flat and open, and the traffic is developed, which is suitable for economic construction,
thus providing the basic conditions for the formation and development of specialized towns.
At the same time, the Pearl River Delta and Chaoshan two plain areas face the ocean, the
climate is warm, the water source is relatively abundant, the cultivated land resources are rich
and fertile, and the conditions for construction and land use in villages and towns are good,
which is conducive to agricultural production and human settlements construction. Through
the analysis of urban-rural relationship in the specialized town, combined with the distribution
characteristics of the specialized town space gathering area, it can be further determined that
the most suitable areas for the formation and development of specialized towns are located in the
surrounding areas of megacities and the gathering areas of small and medium-sized cities. The
gathering areas of specialized towns in Guangdong Province in the Pearl River Delta region are located in the urban areas of Foshan, Dongguan and Zhongshan. These three urban areas are located in the vicinity of regional central cities such
as Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Zhuhai, which are the junctions between megacities. These areas are relatively weakly affected by large cities, which
is conducive to the maintenance and development of specialized industries. The gathering areas of specialized towns in Guangdong Province in the
eastern part of Guangdong are located in small and medium-sized cities such as Shantou, Chaoshan and Jieyang. Compared with megacities, these
areas have limited influence on specialized towns, which is conducive to the independent development of specialized towns. From the perspective
of social culture, the Pearl River Delta region and the Chaoshan area, which are distributed in specialized towns in Guangdong Province, are areas
where Guangdong Province has a long history of development and is relatively early in foreign trade. As early as the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the
developed industries and commerce in the Pearl River Delta region had a strong commercial culture. In addition, the Pearl River Delta region and
the coastal areas such as Chaoshan are the important source of overseas Chinese and the main gathering place for overseas Chinese. It has unique
advantages in the introduction of foreign capital, the cultivation of commodity awareness, and the control of foreign market information. Finally,
the spatial distribution of specialized towns is also closely related to the government’s institutional policies. After the reform and opening up,
Guangdong Province was the first region in China to carry out reform experiments. The development policy has been formulated from the opening of
special economic zones, coastal open cities, coastal economic open areas, and now to the construction of Guangdong—Hong Kong—Macao Greater
Bay Area. These development policies have laid the basic economic structure of Guangdong Province, which also provides the impetus and direction
for the development of specialized towns.
This paper discusses the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of specialized towns in Guangdong Province from the spatial
scale. It is of g reat significance i n m acroscopic u nderstanding a nd c ontrol t o t he geographical s pace d istribution of s pecialized t owns, a nd w ill
provide certain reference value for the cultivation, development and policy formulation of specialized towns. |
| Key words: Specialized Town Spatial Distribution Influencing Factors Guangdong Province |
