摘要: |
空间句法理论从空间结构的角度对
人们的行为和社会活动进行科学的解释,被
广泛运用于空间分析、交通污染控制和寻路
过程等领域。本研究在前人研究基础上,以
空间句法理论为研究基础,选取重庆市2010
年公布的28处市级历史文化名镇之一的安居
古镇为研究对象,采用轴线分析法对安居古
镇的街巷空间形态进行了定量研究。 通过对
整合度、选择度以及可理解度等变量数据的
描述和分析,揭示了安居古镇街巷空间特征
及演化规律。作者还根据分析结果,结合当
地政府的规划现状,提出了具体的街巷空间
改善建议,旨为安居历史文化风貌区的保护
更新提供参考。 |
关键词: 空间句法 历史文化村镇 街巷空
间 量化分析 |
DOI:10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20190215 |
分类号: |
基金项目:2017年度国家社科基金艺术学一般资助项
目(17BG124);2016年重庆市社会科学规
划一般资助项目(2016YBYS081);2017
中央高校基本科研经费人文社科发展项目
(2017CDJSK05Xk17) |
|
A Quantitative Analysis of the Spatial Form of Streets and Lanes in Historical and Cultural Towns Basedon Space Syntax—A Case Study of Anju Ancient Town |
CHEN Yuwei,SUN Junqiao
|
Abstract: |
The continuous development of social economy has brought new opportunities for the
development of ancient towns, a historical material and cultural heritage. However, at present, the
protection and planning of ancient towns in China still focus on the restoration and development
of the physical environment, with the main purpose of improving the tourism development rate
and material living conditions of local residents. Functional layout and land use patterns in
planning are usually based on local regional needs, and studies and designs on scientific macrospatial
structure regulation and resource management are far from enough.
Spatial syntax describes the spatial attributes of roads through morphological analysis
variables. This method linearizes space and emphasizes the overall structural relationship
of space. A large number of em-pirical studies have proved that this method can be used to
study spatial morphology from the perspective of human perception of space, and has unique
advantages. It provides a scientific explanation of people’s behavior and social activities from the
perspective of spatial structure, and thus is widely used in the fields of spatial analysis, traffic
pollution control and road-finding process.
In this study, to lay a scientific starting point for the research, the author first explored the
background and significance of this study, illustrates relevant theories and studies of ancient town
protection, introduces the core theory of spatial syntax, its analysis and quantitative description
methods, and analyses the practi-cability of spatial syntax.
On the basis of that, the author selects Anju Ancient Town, one of the 28 famous historical
and cultural towns published in Chongqing in 2010, as the research object. From the perspective
of the historical value, cultural value, spatial scale or the government’s investment in tourism
development and ecological protec-tion, the ancient town has great value for a case studies. Based
on Depthmap syntactic software and by using axis analysis method , the results of standardized
syntactic variables including integration, selectiv-ity and intelligibility are obtained as follows:
1. the overall maximum integration degree of Anju ancient town is 0.449 and the core area of the
integration degree does not coincide with the geometric center of the town, which implies that the
center of the town has transferred from the interior to the peripheral resi-dential agglomeration
area and commercial street. At present the core of the spatial integration degree is located in
Xinglong Street, a transit commercial street outside of the old town. 2. The result of selectivity
indicates that the spatial structure of streets and lanes in the ancient town is relatively simple,here is no continuous road which is beneficial to the overall spatial vitality, and the degree of mutual control in the inner space is not high, the spatial
penetration force is poor, which results in the existence of deep “dis-crete areas” in the northeastern part of the space. 3. The level of intelligibility
is only 0.1444, which shows that the local central performance of the ancient town cannot be well integrated into the overall street space system, and
the street system is somewhat confusing. To some extent, this spatial structure reflects the influence and restriction of natural landscape pattern on
road route selection.
Through the analysis of spatial structure relationship of ancient streets and regional human social activi-ties, the characteristics and development
trend of street space in Anju Ancient Town are revealed, the core dynamic area of space and the existing disadvantage space are determined.
In addition, by combining the results of the study with the planning status by the local government, the author puts forward specific suggestions:
1. attention should be paid to reduce the negative impact of ir-regular pedestrian network and three-dimensional traffic on tourists’ browsing and
sightseeing. Planners should guide browsing activities according to the spatial node and integration of ancient towns, multi-level and multi-angle
design. 2. Planners need to notice that after the intervention of planning, the external traffic of the ancient town is directly related to the traditional
settlements. The external traffic system and tourism route planning also affect the spatial system of the ancient town streets and lanes, and bring
about changes in the order of the internal road network structure. 3. The continuous expansion of new space will inevitably occupy the position of
the original space. The imbalance of spatial scale should be avoided in the planning of ancient towns so as to continue the life atmosphere of ancient
towns.
Under the background of rapid urbanization, as a meaningful attempt to analyze the spatial form and spa-tial cognition of one of the most
valuable historical ancient towns, this study provides a new technical method and research perspective for the research and planning of the spatial
form of historical and cultural towns in southwest China. Through perceptual description to a quantitative analysis of depth, the author hopes to open
up objective logical thinking of urban renewal design, promote the renewal of spatial struc-ture and regional sustainable development, and allocate
space resources effectively, with the hope to pro-vide convincing analysis and enlightenment for the research, protection, renewal and planning of
historic and cultural towns. |
Key words: Space Syntax Historical and Cultural Towns Spatial Form of Streets and Lanes Quantitative Analysis |