| 摘要: |
| 集结多民族建筑文化的原生态建筑
撒拉族篱笆楼在民居构造方面极具特色，但
近年来遗存数量逐渐减少。本文基于循化县
现存篱笆楼进行实地调研，分析其发展变迁
与当地自然环境和社会环境之间的关系。从
篱笆楼的承重体系、围护结构和装饰装修三
方面入手，考查撒拉族篱笆楼的构造特征，以
期为循化撒拉族篱笆楼民居的全面研究和更
新保护提供基础性数据。 |
| 关键词: 循化县 撒拉族篱笆楼 大庄村 遗存 构造 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20190214 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（51268024；
51568033） |
|
| Research on the Remains and Structure of the Salar Folk Houses in Xunhua County of QinghaiProvince |
|
LIU Xiaowen,WANG Yuzhi
|
| Abstract: |
| The original ecological building that has assembled a number of national
architectural cultures is only found in Xunhua County, Qinghai Province. Xunhua is the only
Salar Autonomous County in the country and the main settlement of the Salars of ethnic
minorities with a small population. Since ancient times, Xunhua has been the transportation
hub of Gansu, gathering Han, Hui, Tibetan, Tu, Salar, Baoan and Kazak ethnic groups. The
Salars grew from a foreign tribe 800 years ago to a nation. In the process of adapting to the
environment, Salar residents actively use regional resources to form a residential building with
unique ethnic characteristics and geographical features. The Salar Fence Building is one of
the representatives of the diversity of rural dwelling buildings. It is also an endangered ethnic
minority dwelling. Its architectural form has strong identifi cation and symbolism, and it also
has high academic research value. However, in recent years, the fence building is disappearing
year by year. There are three main reasons: Firstly, the changes in the natural environment
have destroyed the original fence building; Secondly, the socialization of the environment
has made the traditional lifestyle increasingly weak; Thirdly, regional architecture The
environment was hit by the construction of a new socialist countryside, and the structural
features and construction techniques that had been deposited for more than 700 years were
ignored. In this realistic context, this paper conducts fi eld research based on the existing fence
buildings in Xunhua County, and analyzes the relationship between its development and the
local natural environment and social environment, and analyzes the fence building from three
aspects: load-bearing system, envelope structure and decoration. Structural features provide
a reference for the protection of nearly extinct fence buildings. The Xunhua Salar residents
took local materials and made full use of local materials to build a fenced residential building
with regional, energy-saving and environmental protection, refl ecting the construction wisdom
of the working people and the concept of adapting to nature. The fenced houses have a long
history, regular shape, and a beautiful appearance. The geographical features are distinct. It is a
typical representative of the dwelling houses in the northwest. Today, there are few remains of
the Xunhua Salar Fence House, and the construction skills are lost or broken in the inheritance.
To examine the structural features of the Salar Fence Building, in order to provide basic data
for the comprehensive study and renewal of the settlement of the Sala Fence House. It will help
us to understand the Salar fence more clearly, which is of great signifi cance to the construction
of the human settlement environment in the northwestern countryside and the protection and
development of the characteristic houses in the northwest. |
| Key words: Xunhua County Salar Fence Building Dazhuang Village Relics Structure |
