| 摘要: |
| 为揭示山地城市公园对城市热岛
的减缓机制，以重庆市主城区内10个公园为
例，使用卫星遥感数据和部分实测数据获
得地表温度和近地面气温，分别从内部景
观特征和外部空间形态两个方面研究了公
园的降温效应。研究结果表明：在公园内部
景观要素方面，公园面积、宽度、形状指数
是影响公园降温效应的主要因素，多个小型
公园比同面积大型公园具有更好的降温效
应；在公园外部空间形态方面，自然地形起
伏与建筑空间形态是影响公园降温效应的
主要因素，少量正对公园的通风廊道及规
则布局的建筑形态可以有效提升公园的降
温范围，山地型公园比盆地型公园具有更好
的降温效应。在规划实践中，应该综合考虑
公园面积、布局等要素，以发挥公园最佳的
降温效用。 |
| 关键词: 城市公园 城市热岛 降温效应 山
地城市 公园形态 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20160611 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（41001364） |
|
| Impact of Mountain Urban Park Form on Cooling Effect |
|
HAN Guifeng,CAI Zhi
|
| Abstract: |
| In order to study the mechanism that mountain urban park mitigate urban heat
island effect, 10 parks in main city of Chongqing were taken as examples, remote sensing data
collected by Landsat and measured data were used to analyze cooling effect from landscape
feature inside the parks and building form around the parks respectively. The results show that:
(1) park area, width and landscape shape index (LSI) are the main factors which obviously
influence the cooling effect of urban park, and small area parks have better cooling effect
than a large urban park with the same area as the total area of small parks. (2) Terrain and
building space form also have a great impact on urban park cooling effect, ventilation corridor
and geometry building layout can effectively promote the cooling effect of urban park, and
mountain park has a better cooling effect than basin. In order to make the best cooling effect of
urban park, area, layout and their combination should be considered comprehensively in urban
planning. |
| Key words: Urban Park Urban Heat Island Cooling Effect Mountain City Park Form |
