Located in the northeast corner of Hainan Island, the Dongjiao Peninsula of Wenchang City, due to its unique natural geographic environment of the river estuary, and the coupling settlement of coconut grove vegetation, is a very representative regional paradigm of the peninsula coconut grove settlement landscape, which has extremely high research value. Through the combination of literature review and field research, GIS analysis, schema language and other research methods, this paper analyzes the formation and evolution of the settlement landscape of the Dongjiao Peninsula, and summarizes the characteristics of the settlement landscape of the Dongjiao Peninsula. 1) In the Dongjiao Peninsula, the coconut grove settlement is a settlement system in which the ancestors of Wenchang have phased soil and tasted water for a long time, scientifically utilize the special location of the river estuary, rationally arranged “production-living-ecology space” of the habitat environment and gradually formed the landscape order, demonstrating the intelligent interaction between local people and the settlement environment. 2) As a complete geographic unit of the coastal zone, the Dongjiao Peninsula, under the action of tidal waves, sea breeze and sand dunes, its internal landscape elements such as settlements, coconut groves, farmland and fishponds are based on long-term evolution of human interaction, and gradually formed the landscape structure of “coconut grove-settlement-wind and water ponds-farmland-settlement-fishponds-protection forests”, which is intertwined and overall unified. Because of the differences in the driving forces of settlement evolution in different zones of the peninsula, different landscape patterns are characterized, forming the differences between the north and south settlement landscape systems of the DongJiao Peninsula. Specific differences are as follows: The northern part of the island relies on lagoonal-oceanic terrace to form a “bead-type” settlement landscape system of fan-bone radial groups with “harbors, fishpond, rows of rice paddies, coconut groves, and cluster decentralized settlements”; The southern part of the island conforms to the base of the sandy ridges to form a “lasagna” settlement landscape system with parallel belt-like cascades of “windbreak forests, coconut-based fishponds, ribbon farmland, coconut forests, and ribbon curvilinear settlements”. 3)The coconut grove settlement landscape of the Dongjiao Peninsula is a typical representative of the river estuary settlement landscape, which is the result of thousands of years of repeated integration of “people, land and sea”, and interprets the deep coupling of regional landscape differences and environmental characteristics. Under the influence of different hydrology on the north and south sides, the diversified geomorphology is formed, and on the basis of establishing the regional environment of ecology-production-life, a diversified way of local settlement utilization is formed through the intelligent adjustment of the shore base and the surrounding environment, and in the long-term coupling and feedback process, the settlement landscape system of the Dongjiao Peninsula reaches a harmonious and stable state. The naturalmechanism and cultural characteristics of the settlement landscape formation are the regional expression of human-earth wisdom interaction in the habitat environment, and also the basis for establishing regional cultural identity, which is beneficial to the understanding of the same type of settlement landscapes and their inheritance and innovative development.