The urban community of the Northwest Hui ethnic group is a complex system with a high degree of integration of society, culture, and space. The spatial form has the characteristics of historical continuity, complex layering, and morphological adaptability. This study is based on theoretical foundations and attempts to combine established knowledge of urban morphology with complex adaptive system theory to further expand the connotation of urban morphology. Based on the chain relationship between subject behavior, form characteristics, and social environment in the evolution of the urban form of the Northwest Hui ethnic group, and drawing on the DSR model, a micro perspective evaluation index system for the adaptability of the spatial form of the Northwest Hui ethnic group urban community is constructed, consisting of three criteria: "behavior subject dynamics (D) - complex state of elements (S) - social management response (R)" and 13 indicators. Taking Xi"an Huifang as an empirical case and Kangze En form unit as the basic evaluation unit, a systematic evaluation of spatial form adaptability is conducted by comprehensively using the system weight calculation model, price result synthesis model, influencing factor analysis model, and adaptive optimization zoning model. The results show that the adaptability level of Xi"an Hui Fang is five levels, with high adaptability accounting for 10 morphological units, accounting for 14.7%; High adaptability accounts for 23 morphological units, accounting for 33.8%; Adaptability accounts for 10 morphological units, accounting for 14.7%; Lower adaptability accounts for 25.1% of 17 morphological units; Low adaptability accounts for 8 morphological units, accounting for 11.7%. Based on the scores obtained from each indicator of the five levels, the obstacle model is used to identify and extract the main controlling factors that affect adaptability. Based on this, it is divided into five types of adaptive optimization zones for form units: comprehensive function enhancement zone, cultural space enhancement zone, characteristic industry implantation zone, open space optimization zone, and road traffic optimization zone. Suggestions for improving spatial form adaptability are also proposed. We hope to provide more reliable regional results for the preparation of protection and renewal plans for Hui communities, as well as technical support for refined management.