The landscape art takes on powerful religious overtones and utilitarian in its origin and is gradually refi ned into cultural pursuit refl ecting various ideas and aesthetic patterns in the following endless historical process. Landscape design, with vivid landscape images and environmental quality, is mainly explored out by inherent culture of the site and the design itself. From the perspective of historical theory, this paper expounds the evolution of cultural value of Chinese and Western landscape art: the medium of hunting witchcraft, the interpretation of life cycle, the metaphor of dialogue between man and god, the expression of Mathematical Form, and the pursuit of “Heaven and Man”. In this paper, the underlying cultural connotation beneath the landscape form is discussed from the perspective of history with the aim to explore and examine the ways of influence of cultural elements on the development of landscape design, so as to provide thinking and references for the construction of cultural characteristics in contemporary landscape design. Since the beginning of the 20th century, the landscape design was officially established as a systematic discipline in western countries. And as a mature and key research field, it could collaborate with the architectural design and urban planning to commit to modern city construction. More attention has been increasingly paid to the landscape design in China. The men of literature and writing created a quiet and peaceful place in Chinese traditional garden away from the noisy and prosperous city and the open modern garden, which displays the secular life, have a great potential in creating happy life, which makes the people in China increasingly aware of the unique value of the landscape. However, the landscape design in our country started late and is still in exploring and learning period while the western countries has developed mature ecological and art quality. And the landscape design works therefore often focus on the surface imitation of the form itself, ignoring the exploration of the cultural features. The results are the resemblance of landscape creation and the loss of city’s characters. Landscape design is not limited to the external aesthetic statement or to please someone. Observers can get the emotional connection or resonance mentally from the profound cultural meaning embodied in the landscape form, which makes the landscape quality more transcendental. This double spatial performance of the aesthetic and meaning in the landscape design does not only contribute to the inspiration of the form creation, but also establishes a extensive cultural context and imagination for the people in the surface and more intuitive spatial environment. Therefore, the interest of the aesthetic consciousness can be mobilized due to their greater psychological activities. As Koner said, as the logical evolution of time, materials, space, structure, light and color,contemporarily the landscape design shows the dynamic changes of the nature and society. It also provides the clues to understanding the social condition and establishing cultural support for the people. Consequently, in some gardens, the spatial group and relation, the setting of jungle or a vacant lot, the pattern of tiles in the plaza and the geometric forms of the hedges and even the theme of totem pole and public art are all significant, which will generate the strong sense of field and particular cultural atmosphere with the fields and activities. Regardless of the selection of the spatial vocabulary, the additional bearing of symbols or the exact expression mechanism of the meaning, this environmental semantic factors in the landscape design need to achieve the psychological connection of the aesthetic experience between the landscape meaning and people to the maximum extent, depending on the code selection, encoding and decoding process of the landscape elements. The culture of landscape design is significantly crucial to touching the deep cultural context contained through the form presentation, which originates from the human nature and truly have a dialogue with human heart to generate the resonance. The culture of landscape design is interpreted based on this main line to reveal the important role of culture in landscape design, followed by the analysis of multi-dimensional cultural levels embodied in the development history of landscape design. Firstly, it introduces the concept of landscape, landscape design and culture. The landscape design is then elaborated, which is an important social practice in the human development history, to establish the media of mutual communication between people and culture, reflect the nature of human work, demonstrate the cultural innovation and heritage in the history revolution time-dimensionally and integrate the experience into itself spatial—dimensionally, expressing the emotion and underlying structural logic in a unique form. The next part is to further explore out the nature of landscape design culture—a symbiotic media, which emphasizes cultural meaning, its expression and implication performance. The aim is to establish an implicit structure under various forms of representation to further open the semantic platform for the mutual dialogue between the landscape design and culture.