In traditional street research, the information transmission between users and streets is often neglected, and the readable perception of street interactions by behavioral psychology is used to derive the medium of street readability. In this study, four types of streets in the east and west of the ancient city of Luoyang, one of the important scenic spots in the old city of Luoyang, were selected. Based on the non-verbal symbol system, a street readability evaluation system based on subjective evaluation of users’ psychology and objective evaluation of cognitive maps was constructed. Through field research, the user’s spatial perception of street readability is obtained, and the influencing factors of different types of street readability are evaluated. The paper utilizes literature review combined with interview questionnaires to obtain reliable subjective perception factors and subjective factors that describe the user’s perception of street readability, and ensures that these factors provide a more comprehensive overview of the user’s more stable perception of street production and the existence of street readability. By using questionnaires, observation records, interviews and literature review, this paper selects objective elements for street readability, mainly based on the user’s non-verbal symbol system, and combines certain literature to obtain street-readable objective. The evaluation elements, with the help of Mr. Sun Shijin’s classification of non-verbal symbol systems in “social psychology”, uses non-verbal symbol systems combined with street environment features to classify street-ready optimistic evaluation elements. The subjective and objective methods are combined to construct the evaluation system of street readability research. On the one hand, the subjective cognition of humans is used to measure the readability of the street, and on the other hand, the perceptual substances of different streets are obtained through the cognitive map method. Environmental characteristics summarize the material and environmental characteristics of the street. The study uses a two-way evaluation to find out the relationship between the two to make recommendations for a readable street space design. The survey object selects the east-western area of the old city, which is one of the important commercial districts of Luoyang City. It is also the most attractive scenic spot in the old city of Luoyang. The streets are rich in forms; the walking frequency is high and the attractions are dense; pedestrians are rich, including local residents, local tourists, and foreign tourists. Using the different ages, experience, and occupational differences of the respondents, the survey results are more extensive and popular. During the investigation, the pedestrians in the old districts of Luoyang, Dongyang and Nanyang were used as the evaluation subjects, including tourists and local residents (including business households). Forty-eight ofthem were interviewed and 52 local residents were interviewed for semi-structured interviews. For the study of the middle street in the old city of Luoyang, it is found that for commercial streets, the visual symbol factor and the eye contact factor are positively correlated with the readability of the street; for the life-type street, the spatial and temporal organizational factors are closely related to the street readability. Cross Street has the highest readability, and color symbols and spatial atmosphere are the main influencing factors. Corresponding improvement measures are proposed for the current situation in the four streets of the old city. First of all, local symbols are integrated into the street, such as the continuation of the culture, and palace lanterns may improve the color recognition of the street. Local features can be added to the space atmosphere, such as cultural theaters, figure statues, etc. Secondly, the bottom layer can be added to the building facade. Provocative and courtyard space may increase users’ gaze lingering. Thirdly, leisure space can be added to the open space, such as increasing the seat. Fourthly, in the aspect of the sound atmosphere, more attention should be paid to the utilization of music to improve the street’s user experience. The research shows that the visual symbol factor has the most direct influence on the readability of the street. On the subjective perception level, it mainly affects the user’s comfort, richness and interaction. The eye contact factor plays an important role in the readability of the street. The role of eye contact system mainly affects the user’s sense of richness and comfort at the subjective perception level; the space-time organization factor is the basic guarantee of street readability; the auxiliary language factor has a certain degree of auxiliary influence on street readability, mainly affecting the pleasure of the street. The material space elements in the non-verbal symbol system affect the subjective perception of the user in terms of morphological perception. They are also important carriers for street readability, which can enhance the attraction of the street, and try to introduce the “non-verbal symbol system”. In the study of the street, the paper uses the characteristics of the non-verbal symbol system to extract the material elements in the street as objective evaluation elements, and combines with the subjective perception of street users and comprehensive and in-depth discussion of the influence of non-verbal symbol elements on the street readability of the street. It may provide reference measures and suggestions for the renovation and protection of traditional urban commercial districts for the future street renewal design.