Based on the system investigation to the ancient existing buildings of urban and rural settlements in Shanxi Province, this article found that the way to create the isomorphism between cave and building, which is the mainstream technology form of ancient buildings of Shanxi Province. This combination of morphology about cave and wooden houses could be manifested as “cave build on cave”, “buildings on cave”, “buildings in front of cave”, “the cave eaves”, “no beam structure” and “imitation wood cave face”, meanwhile, the six kinds of isomorphic way have both similarities and differences. In a large number of engineering practices, sometimes they may be utilized individually, while sometimes several construction technology of composite application are employed in the same object. The resulting isomorphism buildings, in terms of their space, structure and visual forms, are rich and varied in models, and had regional features. This article may have certain theoretical signifi cance and application value.