Based on the analysis of characteristics of mountainous residential districts, department visits, field reconnaissance, questionnaire survey and interviews were adopted to collect the emissions data of sample residential districts. After constructing the carbon emissions measurement model, the correlation between the carbon emissions data and planning elements was analyzed, including technical elements such as land use, spatial layout, construction, road, greenbelt, and social elements like income, degree, community propaganda education and so on. Combined with the residential carbon emissions structure analysis, the key elements and strategies that can contribute to the low-carbon planning of mountainous residential districts are discussed.