This paper attempts to propose academic thoughts from the perspective of the scientific significance of urbanization and studies on mountain urban and rural planning according to the objective sit uation that the development of urba n ization in Ch ina gradually shifted from plain areas to mountain areas.It analyzes the academic foundation of mountain urban and rural planning thoughts, presents the confronting problems of mountain urban and rural planning, the contradiction between resource environment preservation and human-earth relationship and the problems existing in the talent teams in the development of mountain urban and rural planning. Then it proposes some ideas about the scientific thoughts of mounta in urba n a nd r ural pla nning: the ecological thoughts of mountain urban and rural planning, the overall and intensive development of mountain urban and r ural planning, disaster prevention and reduction. Finally,it elaborates some thoughts on the talent team and platform construction of mountain urban and rural planning in China.