Beijing is a famous historical and cultural city in the world. As an important part of historical and cultural heritage of Beijing, outstanding historical buildings are non-renewable cultural resources and have important historical, artistic and scientific value. Protecting outstanding historical buildings plays a very important role in saving the historical context, reflecting the history of social development, and creating a unique image of the city. Based on field investigation on the valuable historical buildings in Dongcheng District, this paper gives a comprehensive introduction to the total numbers, distribution, preservation status, cultural value, surrounding environment and other basic information of the historical buildings in Dongcheng Distr ict. Fur thermore, it evaluates the survival state comprehensively through which the historical and cultural value implicated in these historical buildings can be excavated.