|
|
| |
|
|
| 本文已被：浏览 19次 下载 0次 |
|
|
|
| BIM技术在既有建筑中的应用与前景* |
|
刘静乐1, 鲍学英1, 杨彬2
|
|
1.兰州交通大学;2.河西学院
|
|
| 摘要: |
| 建筑信息模型（BIM）技术能够促进建筑行业的提质增效。为推动BIM技术在既有建筑中的应用，本研究以web of science核心合集数据库为数据源，梳理相关文献以拓展BIM技术在既有建筑中应用的广度。研究利用CiteSpace软件进行文献可视化分析，结果表明自2018年起BIM技术在既有建筑中的应用受到广泛关注，发文量排名前三的国家分别是中国、美国和英国。研究从逆向建模、运营管理以及改造、拆除与回收三大领域，详细梳理了BIM技术在既有建筑中应用的研究进展。研究发现，BIM技术在既有建筑中的应用存在数据集成、处理和展示方面的局限性。建议未来研究应从内部开发BIM云服务、定制信息检索功能以及建立统一的BIM技术标准；外部则需结合物联网、机器学习以及扩展现实技术，提升BIM数据集成的全面性，实现数据处理的自动化，增强数据展示的沉浸感。 |
| 关键词: BIM技术 既有建筑 逆向建模 运营管理 拆除与回收 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TU17 |
| 基金项目:甘肃省哲学社会科学规划项目(2021QN033) |
|
| Application and prospects of building information model technology in existing buildings |
|
liu jingle,bao xueying,yang bin
|
| Abstract: |
| Building Information Modeling (BIM) is an integrated digital approach to design and management within the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry. BIM provides advanced modeling, analysis, and management capabilities that improve operational efficiency and address the increasing demand for high-quality living environments. This article systematically reviews the literature on the application of BIM technology in existing buildings, with the aim of advancing its implementation by exploring its diverse uses and identifying current challenges. The goal is to offer novel insights and methodologies for utilizing BIM in existing buildings. A search was conducted on December 1, 2023, using the Web of Science Core Collection as the data source. The search query, defined as TS=("existing building*" AND (BIM OR "building information model*")), yielded 211 English-language articles. A secondary search was then conducted using the cited references from these articles, which resulted in 2,132 publications. After deduplication using CiteSpace software, 2,201 valid documents were retained. CiteSpace analysis of these documents revealed that the application of BIM technology in existing buildings has gained significant attention since 2018, with publications following an exponential growth trend. The top three countries by publication volume were China, the United States, and the United Kingdom. Regarding international collaboration, the United States, Australia, and China demonstrated the highest levels of cooperation. The top three contributing institutions were The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and the University of Vigo. Clustering analysis indicates that research focus has shifted from the development of BIM models to their practical applications. This article classifies BIM applications in existing buildings into three main categories: reverse modeling, operations management, and renovation, demolition, and recycling. In the domain of reverse modeling, research focuses on both conventional buildings and historically significant structures with cultural heritage. The modeling process depends on existing building documentation and on-site data collection. Key research questions include automating the modeling process, while challenges focus on addressing occlusion and point cloud segmentation issues. In the domain of operations management, BIM is primarily used for data management, performance simulation, health assessment, and specific operational tasks. Data management involves integrating relevant information into BIM systems to create nD-BIM models, providing data support for the management and maintenance of existing buildings. Performance and health assessments evaluate building performance, structural damage, seismic resistance, and indoor air quality. Operational tasks include real-time monitoring of building dynamics, maintaining buildings in optimal condition, and simulating responses to emergencies for prevention, response, and recovery. In the domain of renovation, demolition, and recycling, renovation refers to using BIM technology for designing, comparing, and implementing renovation plans. Demolition and recycling involve using BIM to develop and execute optimal building disassembly plans, manage demolition waste, and support material recycling. This article highlights several limitations of BIM technology in existing buildings, particularly in data integration, processing, and presentation. In data integration, the diversity, transferability, and real-time requirements of data integration exceed the capabilities of standalone BIM technology. Challenges, such as data transmission loss and incompatibility, remain unresolved. In data processing, BIM technology faces difficulties with automated consistency checks, data completeness validation, rapid extraction of key information, and intelligent decision-making. In data presentation, BIM lacks advanced cloud service capabilities, comprehensive information retrieval functions, immersive experiences, and interactive features. To address these limitations, the article proposes enhancing BIM applications for existing buildings through both internal and external improvements. Internal improvements include developing BIM cloud services, customizing information retrieval functions, and establishing unified BIM standards and specifications. External integration with emerging technologies is equally essential. BIM should integrate with other technologies to improve data integration, automate data processing, and enhance immersive data visualization. For instance, integrating with IoT must address fragmented and dispersed real-time data across heterogeneous storage systems, along with the associated security vulnerabilities. Integrating with machine learning requires embedding general domain knowledge into BIM platforms. Integrating with extended reality (XR) requires real-time data transmission between BIM and XR systems. Through this discussion, the article aims to promote the advanced application of BIM technology in existing buildings, thereby supporting high-quality urban development. |
| Key words: building information model technology existing buildings reverse modeling operational management demolition and recycling |
|
|
|
|
