| 摘要: |
| 随着首轮国土空间总体规划的基本完成，城市更新逐渐成为规划的重点领域，但当前仍然存在规划逻辑、对象、目标、技术等认知模糊。通过对已经公布的10城城市更新专项规划案例比较，总结出目前规划战略导向、对象选择、内容体系、行动机制等编制问题。基于此，提出更新规划是城市空间增值的内生动力、完善社会转型的战场、精细化治理破局的手段等价值认识。重新构建更新规划逻辑，由目标、需求、内容、治理四个体系组成，相互协调，以项目实施为核心形成逻辑闭环。最终梳理城市更新专项规划内容体系，结合项目储备库和年度实施计划，完善“三步”行动路径，以期为构建适应转型与存量时代的城市更新专项规划范式提供思路。 |
| 关键词: 城市更新专项规划 价值认识 规划逻辑 内容体系 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TU984 |
| 基金项目:湖南省住房和城乡建设厅省直专项基金课题“城市更新工作指引” |
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| Research on the Value Recognition, Key Logic, and Content System of Urban Renewal Special Planning |
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zhao xue bin1, peng pan yi1, ding guo sheng2
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1.Hunan Architectural Design Institute;2.Hunan University
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| Abstract: |
| Since the beginning of the 2020s, China's real estate market, as a pillar industry for nation economy, has continued to decline. Traditional incremental planning is no longer suitable for today's development, and urban renewal based on stock planning has become a hot spot. This type of planning, as an important tool for coordinating urban renewal work, has been carried out in some cities. After sorting out, there are significant differences in the goals, logic, and content system of the planning. However, the cognitive misunderstandings in the new era have led to unclear orientation of the planning, and the planning methods needs to be updated. This article is based on the case studies in ten cities, summarizing the commonalities and characteristics, and conducting research on how to construct a specified planning paradigm for urban renewal that adapts to the era of transformation and stock.
Firltly, comparisons of the planning contents of the different cities are necessary. In the aim and task, the planning makers have their different focus according to their different government status. For example, planning makers in Guangzhou is formulated by the planning and natural resources authorities, who focused on the coordinated management of resources at the spatial level; Meanwhile, planning makers in Ningbo is the housing and urban-rural authorities, who focused on project level design guidance and implementation. In terms of carrying out renewal actions, the case study cities in this research focused on basic goals such as "implementing national spatial planning actions; optimizing urban space; promoting industrial upgrading; filling urban gaps; strengthening cultural and environmental protection", and then proposes characteristic goals, such as Beijing's prioritization of safeguarding the capital's functions and coordinating the allocation of political resources and public service supply in existing areas. The case study cities have formed a value target system for the renewal special planning of "foundation+characteristics". In terms of updating object delineation, the identification of objects is mainly based on three categories of cities: industrial, residential, and commercial. There are different factors chosen among cities to adapt to broader renewal demands and strategic requirements.
What's more, identifing the problems in current planning and development is crucial. The reasons are as follows: firstly, the orientation of the updated strategy is weak, with a focus on detailed issues and a lack of overall structural planning for the city. Secondly, there are limitations in the selection of update objects, as some plans have not undergone an overall assessment of existing resources and lack an evaluation of update potential based on demand value, economic value, and other factors. Thirdly, the guidance on how to utilize existing resources to achieve sustainable growth is not strong. Fourthly, the adaptability of the planning and implementation mechanism is insufficient, making it difficult to clarify the vertical transmission and horizontal policy matching. Fifth, the lack of updated governance feedback mechanisms and unclear legal status of planning can easily lead to ineffective spatial control.
Based on the previous analysis, planning value speculations have been conducted. Firstly, planning should be a construction action plan within the national spatial planning system, complementing the implementation chain of blueprint based planning. Secondly, we should promote the reuse of urban resource assets and achieve sustainable economic growth through spatial appreciation. Thirdly, we should adopt a dual orientation of problem and goal, improve the effective supply of social services in the process of social transformation, and solve the "urban disease". Fourthly, guided by refined governance, we should promote the green and low-carbon development of urban spatial environment quality. This article have constructed the logic of urban renewal planning, forming a closed-loop path around project implementation, consisting of four systems: goals, needs, content, and governance.
This study have also proposed a planning content system based on logical and value judgments. Firstly, based on the analysis of the upper level planning, we pay attention to goal orientation and structural orientation, and describe the updated landscape in stages. Secondly, through urban physical examinations and resource identification, we sort out urban issues from the demand side and accurately identify urban renewal targets, which is based on the principles of centralized integration, economic balance, and facility coverage, the division of urban renewal units should be intertwined with the scale of government administrative management and market investment and financing operations. Finally, we decompose different units and objects, and clarify the updated guidelines. The article proposes a "three-step" path for urban renewal, which involves transforming urban physical examinations into planning and then developing action plans. Related works need to be carried out in a hierarchical and alternating manner, relying on rolling implementation plans to achieve planning goals. According to the urban renewal special planning, we establish a reserve library of urban renewal projects at the municipal level and implement dynamic management of inbound and outbound inventory.
There are still many obstacles to the promotion of urban renewal, and explorations are still underway in terms of construction indicators, implementation models, financial balance methods, etc. Although the unified and mature technical standard has not yet been formed. In the future, further experience needs to be summarized in practice to ensure that planning plays an effective role in guiding urban renewal work. |
| Key words: Special planning for urban renewal Value recognition Planning logic Content system |
