| 摘要: |
| 特色慢行廊道作为能有效整合景观与交通资源的特色慢行交通空间形式，在山海地区中发挥着重要作用。特色慢行廊道节点可以提高廊道的影响力与标识性，对提升山海地区的景观品质与游览体验有重要意义。本文以山海地区特色慢行廊道节点为主要研究对象，依据山海地区空间特色，提出山海地区特色慢行廊道的规划设计流程。同时，通过对国内外40个典型景观节点设计案例的梳理，将特色慢行节点归纳为台式、桥梁式、步道式、广场式四种基本形式，总结其在城市和郊野中的形式选取因素、营造重点及设计方法。并以厦门海沧区沿海片区为例，探讨该设计方法在山海地区中的应用，以期为同类型项目提供借鉴与参考。 |
| 关键词: 风景园林 特色慢行廊道 景观节点 山海城市 案例分析 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TU984 |
| 基金项目:福建省自然科学基金 |
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| Research on Node Planning and the Design of Characteristic Slow Corridors in Mountain-Sea Area |
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YANCONGXIAO, GAOYUEER, GAOJIANGHAN
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| Abstract: |
| With the resurgence of low-carbon travel mode and the improvement of people's quality of life, the planning of slow systems has gradually emerged as an effective strategy for alleviating traffic congestion. Characteristic slow-moving corridors, as a unique form of slow-moving traffic spaces that can effectively integrate landscape and traffic resources, play a crucial role in mountain-sea areas. These corridors, through their characteristic nodes, significantly enhance the influence and identity of the corridor, which vital for improving landscape quality and sightseeing experiences in such regions.
Compared to ordinary corridors, characteristic slow-moving corridors not only elevate the quality of urban life, but also showcase the distinctive regional natural and cultural landscapes. The planning and design of characteristic slow-moving corridor nodes in mountain-sea areas should consider four spatial characteristics: "terrain-environment-culture-appearance." Specifically, this refers to the blending of mountain and sea landscapes, the ecological resources of forests, islands, land, and seas, the cultural themes of Chinese and Western integration, and the open spaces near mountains and seas. The planning framework encompasses hierarchical analysis (visual landscape, ecosystem, cultural landscape, open space), superposition analysis (corridor classification planning, node system planning), and specific planning (slow lanes, sign systems, service facilities, etc.), all aimed at highlighting the unique features of mountain-sea areas.
Specifically, first of all, the planning and design of characteristic slow-moving corridors in mountain-sea areas can be categorized into urban type and rural types. Urban slow-moving spaces are often anchored around cultural scenic spots and parks, whereas rural spaces are typically established around scenic spots, water bodies, and fields. Based on the characteristics of mountain-sea area, the slow-moving spaces are further subdivided into mountain, waterfront, green space, and traffic types, each tailored to different urban and rural environments. Secondly, by analyzing 40 case studies of nodes around the world, this study identifies the primary node forms as platform nodes, bridge nodes, trail nodes, and square nodes. The viewing platforms are classified into four types: terrace, tower, ladder, and suspended; Landscape bridges are categorized into linear and non-linear types based on their line types; and square forms are divided into flat-type and spatial-type squares. Finally, significant differences in node design and location between urban and rural environments are summarized. Urban nodes prioritize crowd interaction and the rational use of space, while rural nodes emphasize the perception and adaptation to the natural environment. The selection of nodes requires good viewing conditions and the appropriate form based on the specific environment.
The Haicang coastal area of Xiamen is selected as a case study for the aforementioned planning and design methods. Firstly, the planning and design of characteristic slow-moving corridor nodes in the Haicang coastal area is based on mountain and sea resources, resulting in the construction of two slow-moving corridors. The main line of the corridor features a characteristic “from mountain forest to sea” design, and the secondary line enhances the accessibility of the main line by connecting urban spaces. Secondly, based on this framework, four types of slow-moving spaces are delineated, and 17 characteristic nodes are planned, including 1 portal node and 16 landmark nodes, with site selection suggestions provided. Finally, the study selected three characteristic nodes to propose design intentions: No.3 Dapingshan Peak Observation Deck to meet multi-directional viewing demands in a stepped manner, No.2 Dapingshan East Slope Landscape Trail to handle height differences in a spiral fashion, and No.12 Zhonglin Road-Canglin Road Landscape Bridge to enhance urban landscape with a curved suspension bridge.
The planning method of characteristic slow-moving corridor nodes in mountain-sea area aligns with the requirements of a livable environment during modern urbanization. It also fills the gap in planning and design methods and spatial form classification for characteristic slow-moving corridor nodes in such areas, which has practical significance in promoting the construction of these corridor nodes. To ensure the practical value of these methods, it is necessary to incorporate more slow-moving case studies in the future and optimize them through practical projects to form experiences that can be further disseminated. |
| Key words: Landscape Architecture Characteristic Slow-moving Corridors Landscape Nodes Mountain-sea area Case Analysis |
