| 摘要: |
| 通过热感觉步行调查试验，对海珠
湿地公园夏季异质性景观空间热感觉进行主
观和客观调查研究。结果表明：第一，主客
观热感觉在空间分布上呈现出正午较高且波
动较大的特征，并在人工和自然遮阴空间均
得到显著改善；第二，广场/林下空间、林
荫/人工遮阴空间的TSV（表征主观热感觉）
有显著差异，邻水/不邻水空间的PET（表征
客观热舒适）有显著差异；第三，景观空间
各类因子主客观热感觉从低到高排序：乔木
遮阴＜人工构筑亭＜藤蔓棚架遮阴；草本低
矮空间＜乔木开阔空间＜灌木开敞空间；第
四，对人体主客观热感觉TSV和PET负向贡
献最大的是乔木覆盖率、乔木树高和地面反
射率。 |
| 关键词: 大型城市公园 异质性 景观 热
感觉 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240814001 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院（2024 科研（院）85、112；2025 科研（院）102）；广州市资源规划和海洋科技协同创新中心项目（2023B04J0301）；广东
省城市感知与监测预警企业重点实验室基金项目（2020B121202019）；国家重点研发计划项目资助（2022YFC3800704-2） |
|
| Understanding the mechanism of the human thermal sensation on heterogeneouslandscape space in large urban park: Study on Haizhu Wetland |
|
HAN Jiejie,WU Jie,WANG Xiaobing,ZHENG Junyi
|
| Abstract: |
| To study the impact of urban park landscape spatial design structure on human thermal
comfort in urban parks, this paper conducts both subjective and objective surveys of the thermal
perception of heterogeneous landscape spaces in Haizhu Wetland Park, a city park located in the highdensity
central urban area of a megacity, during the summer. The study uses a thermal sensation
walking survey experiment. Fourteen participants and three experimental staff members, each
carrying sensor devices, walked along a pre-designed route with 10 survey points set along the route
for collecting both subjective and objective data. The experimental backpacks of the three participants
were innovatively equipped with three types of integrated devices that can monitor multiple
meteorological factors, becoming a mobile meteorological monitoring tool serving both the route and
survey points. The survey points were categorized based on pavement material, vegetation type,
shading conditions, and proximity to water, maximizing the diversity and typicality of the urban park
landscape environment. The study considers the objective thermal comfort evaluation indicator
Physiologically Equivalent Temperature (PET) and uses the experimental participants’ simultaneous
thermal sensation voting (TSV) as a subjective evaluation standard. The research investigates the
correlation and impact of both indices with landscape spatial elements within a certain range of the
park. The park landscape elements are divided into three categories: herbaceous plants, shrubs, and
trees, with indices such as vegetation coverage, canopy density, trunk diameter, tree height, and
shading ratio. Other indicators include road material proportion, road width, ground reflectivity,
proximity to water, and water area proportion. Through synchronized investigation experiments of
these landscape elements, the study analyzes the independent variables related to both subjective and
objective thermal comfort evaluations. The results show that there are microclimatic differences in
thermal environments between different wetland landscape spaces. The key meteorological factors
influencing thermal comfort in Haizhu Wetland Park’s summer landscape space are average radiant
temperature, black globe temperature, and wind speed at noon. Specifically, within the landscape
spaces, the proximity to water and paving elements have a significant impact on thermal comfort in
the morning, while tree shading has the most significant impact at noon. In the evening, proximity to
water has a notable effect on thermal comfort. Additionally, microclimate variations dominate the
heterogeneous landscape space's thermal comfort differences. At noon, there are clear differences in
thermal sensation between plaza and forested areas, as well as between natural and artificial shading.
The proximity to water and the permeability of pavement structures also have significant differences
in their effect on thermal comfort in the morning and evening. The study further finds that intermittent
shading design along pathways may lead to discrepancies between subjective and objective thermalcomfort evaluations.The main conclusions are as follows 1) the spatial distribution of subjective and objective thermal sensation was higher and fluctuated
greatly at noon, and was significantly improved in both artificial and natural shade Spaces; 2) square/understory space, shady/artificially shaded space had
significant differences in TSV (Subjective thermal comfort), and adjacent/non-adjacent water space had significant differences in objective thermal sensation
PET (Objective thermal comfort); 3) ranking of subjective and objective thermal sensation of various factors in landscape space from low to high: tree
shading＜Artificial constructed pavilion＜Vine trellises provide shade; Herbaceous low space ＜ Arbor open space＜Shrub open space; 4) tree coverage, tree
height and ground reflectance contributed the most negatively to subjective and objective thermal sensation TSV and PET. |
| Key words: large urban park heterogeneity landscape thermal sensation |
