| 摘要: |
| 极端天气冲击与长短期赛事利用背
景下的冰雪体育建筑，需要在其全生命周期
内融入生态韧性思维以提升可持续性。然
而，多数研究停留在定性描述或对单一环境
指标的静态评估，未能构建整合多维属性并
能响应赛时、赛后及极端事件等不同情境的
动态评价体系。为此，本研究通过文献计量
分析识别出适应性、冗余性与智慧性三大特
征，进而基于层次分析法构建三级生态韧性
评价体系，引入专家评分矩阵确定权重，并
通过典型场馆实例进行实证验证。研究结果
表明：生态适应性权重最高（0.539），其后
为生态冗余性（0.297） 与生态智慧
性（0.164）；气候适应性、场馆选址适宜性、
场馆转换成本及单位建筑面积年综合能耗等
构成核心敏感指标。本研究旨在为冰雪体育
建筑的生态韧性规划与设计提供一套可量
化、可诊断的系统性方法论。 |
| 关键词: 层次分析法 冬奥场馆 生态韧
性 冰雪体育建筑 策略 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20251219002 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金重大项目（52394222）；国家自然科学基金面上项目（52278015）；黑龙江省经济社会发展重点研究课题（基地专项）（JD25016) |
|
| Research on the construction of ecological resilience evaluation system for winterolympics venues based on analytic hierarchy process |
|
CHEN Jianfei,QUAN Yu,YU Shiwei,YANG Xiaotong
|
| Abstract: |
| In the context of extreme weather events and the dual demands of short-term competition
and long-term utilization, ice and snow sports architecture requires the integration of ecological
resilience thinking throughout its full life cycle to enhance sustainability. Extreme weather shocks,
including sudden temperature fluctuations, heavy snowfall, and freezing rain, pose significant
operational risks to venues, while the transition from high-intensity competition periods to post-games
community use demands adaptive capacity across multiple scenarios. However, most existing
research remains confined to qualitative descriptions or static assessments of single environmental
indicators such as energy consumption and material selection. These approaches fail to construct a
dynamic evaluation system that integrates multiple dimensions, including environment, function, and
technology, and responds to diverse scenarios including competition periods, post-games utilization,
and extreme events. To address this research gap, this study adopts a logical path of “theoretical
construction, empirical evaluation, strategy derivation”. Through bibliometric analysis of existing
literature in the fields of ecological resilience, sustainable architecture, and sports facility
management, three core characteristics are identified from the perspective of ecological resilience:
adaptability, redundancy, and intelligence. Adaptability refers to the capacity of venues to harmonize
with natural and built environments; redundancy emphasizes functional flexibility to accommodate
fluctuating demands; intelligence highlights the role of smart technologies in optimizing resource
efficiency and environmental control. Based on these three characteristics, this study constructs a
three-level ecological resilience evaluation system using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The
system comprises a target level (ecological resilience), a criterion level (adaptability, redundancy,
intelligence), and an indicator level encompassing 50 specific indicators spanning site selection,
functional planning, operational management, resource utilization, cost control, and user experience.
Expert scoring matrices are introduced to determine indicator weights, and consistency tests are
conducted to ensure the reliability of the judgment matrices. To reduce subjective bias inherent in
single expert weighting, a combination of Chinese and international expert consultations is employed
alongside the entropy weight method for objective weight correction. The evaluation system is
empirically validated through typical venue case studies. The research findings reveal the following
key results. At the target level, ecological adaptability carries the highest weight (0.539), followed by
ecological redundancy (0.297) and ecological intelligence (0.164). This hierarchical ranking indicates
that a venue’s capacity to adapt to its natural and artificial environment is the most critical factor in
enhancing ecological resilience, while functional redundancy serves as a safeguard against operational
fluctuations, and intelligent technologies provide precision control for energy, resources, and
environmental conditions. At the indicator level, core sensitive indicators are identified across the
three dimensions. In the adaptability dimension, climate adaptability (0.056), site selection suitability
for ice venues (0.045), and site selection ecological suitability for snow venues (0.041) rank highest,underscoring the importance of aligning venue design with regional microclimatic conditions and natural topography. In the redundancy dimension, venue
conversion cost (0.047) and multi-scenario compatibility design (0.044) emerge as critical factors, highlighting the significance of embedded functional
flexibility in reducing post-games retrofitting expenses. In the intelligence dimension, annual comprehensive energy consumption per unit building area (0.041)
and energy-saving technology payback period (0.037) are the dominant indicators, reflecting the essential role of design innovation and cost-effectiveness in
achieving operational efficiency. The evaluation system developed in this study offers several contributions. From a theoretical perspective, it extends
ecological resilience theory, originally developed for macro-ecosystems, to the domain of individual architectural evaluation, validating the applicability of the
“adaptability–redundancy–intelligence” framework for ice and snow sports venues. From a methodological perspective, the combination of AHP with expert
scoring matrices and the entropy weight method reduces subjectivity in weight determination, enhancing the stability and applicability of the evaluation system
across different contexts. From a practical perspective, the system provides a quantifiable and diagnostic tool for ecological resilience planning and design in
ice and snow sports architecture, supporting evidence-based decision-making for site selection, functional programming, and operational optimization. In the
post-Olympic era and under the context of urban stock renewal, this research offers scientific theoretical foundations and practical guidance for promoting
regional sustainable development and maintaining the long-term vitality of winter sports. The evaluation framework can be applied to assess existing venues for
resilience gaps, inform the design of new facilities, and ultimately support the transformation of winter sports architecture from a single-function, highinvestment
model toward a sustainable, multi-functional, and resilient paradigm that aligns with broader goals of carbon neutrality and resilient city
development. |
| Key words: analytic hierarchy process winter olympics sports venues ecological resilience ice and snow sports architecture strategies |
