| 摘要: |
| 滨海公共空间具有环境补偿效应，
能够促进老年人的身心健康，但其环境要素
对老年人情绪体验与空间满意度的影响尚待
明确。本研究通过实时采集11 名高频使用此
类公共空间的老年被试者生理信号，结合影
像发声法与回溯访谈，构建了主客观融合的
情绪测量框架，并绘制情绪地图，揭示了空
间要素与情绪的动态关联。结果显示，海景
与植被可视性可显著促进积极情绪，连续空
间界面与适宜的开敞度有助于缓解环境压
力；而休憩与社交设施缺失、无障碍设施不
足及空间管理不善则易诱发消极情绪。情绪
地图表明，景观节点间的单调路径可能引发情
绪波动，视觉廊道的构建则可优化情绪体验。
本研究验证了情绪测量框架的有效性，并为滨
海公共空间的适老化改造提供了科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 老年人 滨海公共空间 空间感
知 情绪测量 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20241219006 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（52408041）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（20720250022） |
|
| Evaluating older adults’ emotional experiences based on real-time perception duringwalking in coastal public spaces |
|
XIANG Liqun,ZHU He,FU Guannan
|
| Abstract: |
| Coastal public spaces, as vital components of urban ecosystems, possess significant
environmental compensation effects that contribute to enhancing the physical and mental well-being
of older adults. In the context of China’s rapidly ageing population, these coastal environments have
assumed growing importance as everyday venues for recreation, health maintenance, and social
engagement among older people. Nevertheless, the mechanisms through which specific
environmental elements of coastal public spaces influence the emotional experiences and spatial
satisfaction of older adults remain insufficiently understood. To address this research gap, this study
focuses on Tangdaowan National Wetland Park in Qingdao, Shandong Province, as a representative
coastal public space. The research aims to examine how environmental features shape older adults’
emotional responses and perceived satisfaction within real-world spatial settings, thereby providing
evidence to inform the age-friendly transformation of coastal environments.A total of eleven older
adults who are frequent visitors to this coastal public space were recruited as participants. Real-time
electrodermal activity (EDA) data were continuously collected as the participants walked along a
designated route to capture physiological indicators of emotional changes. At the same time, a
participatory approach combining photovoice and retrospective interviews was employed to collect
subjective emotional expressions and experiential narratives. By integrating these two types of data,
the study constructed a comprehensive emotional measurement framework that merges objective
physiological signals with subjective participatory evaluation. Building upon this framework, an
emotional map was constructed to spatially visualise the relationship between environmental elements
and emotional responses. This mapping process revealed the dynamic interactions between landscape
features and emotional experiences, enabling an understanding not only of where emotions were
triggered but also of how spatial composition, visual openness, and environmental quality influenced
affective states. The results show that visibility of key coastal landscape features—particularly sea
views and vegetation—plays a decisive role in promoting positive emotional states such as relaxation,
pleasure, and comfort. Continuous spatial interfaces and moderate openness were found to alleviate
perceived environmental stress and contribute to a sense of safety and calmness. Conversely, the lack
of rest facilities, social interaction nodes, and accessible infrastructure, as well as poor spatial
management and maintenance, emerged as critical factors leading to negative emotional reactions
such as tension, fatigue, or frustration. The emotional map further illustrates that monotonous
transition paths between landscape nodes tend to evoke negative affect due to a lack of visual and
experiential diversity. In contrast, the creation of visual corridors and varied spatial sequences
substantially enhances the emotional experience and overall spatial satisfaction of older adults.
Beyond these empirical findings, the study contributes both methodologically and practically to the
field of environmental behaviour research. From a methodological perspective, it validates the
feasibility and reliability of integrating physiological monitoring with participatory qualitative
methods in the study of spatial perception and emotional response. This mixed-methods approach
provides a more nuanced understanding of emotional dynamics in situ, capturing fleeting affectivechanges that traditional questionnaire-based methods often fail to detect. The integration of real-time physiological data with participants’ own reflections
allows for the triangulation of emotional evidence, strengthening the interpretive validity of the findings and advancing methodological innovation in emotional
mapping and environmental psychology. From a practical standpoint, the results offer valuable design implications for enhancing the age-friendliness of coastal
public spaces. Specifically, the study suggests that improving visual access to natural elements such as the sea and greenery, maintaining spatial continuity
through clear and connected paths, and providing adequate rest and social facilities can significantly improve emotional well-being and perceived comfort
among older adults. Furthermore, thoughtful spatial management—ensuring cleanliness, safety, and barrier-free accessibility—can further enhance adults’
positive experiences. The findings underscore that age-friendly design in coastal contexts should not only address physical accessibility but also foster sensory
richness, emotional security, and opportunities for social engagement. In summary, this study demonstrates that coastal public spaces exert measurable and
multifaceted effects on the emotional health of older adults. By combining objective physiological data with subjective experiential narratives, it reveals the
complex pathways through which environmental features shape emotional responses and satisfaction levels. The proposed emotional mapping framework
expands the methodological repertoire available for exploring human–environment interactions, bridging quantitative physiological monitoring with qualitative
participatory insight. Ultimately, this research provides a robust, evidence-based foundation for the design and management of inclusive, restorative, and
emotionally supportive coastal environments that cater to the needs of ageing populations. Its implications may also extend beyond the Chinese context,
offering a transferable framework for assessing and improving the emotional quality of public spaces in other coastal cities worldwide. |
| Key words: older adults coastal public spaces spatial perception emotion measurement |
