| 摘要: |
| 随着西部地区乡村振兴进程的不断
加快，农村生产生活方式不断改进，但各种
污水产量急剧增加，且污水处理效率低下。
因此加快农村污水处理，对于改善农村地区
人居环境，建立生态宜居的和美乡村具有重
要意义。为此，文章采用Probit 模型，利用
宁夏微观农户调研数据，分析影响宁夏污水
处理的主要因素和内在逻辑。结果表明：技
术支持、认知水平和社会影响均会促进农村
污水处理效率提升；异质性分析进一步发
现，技术支持、认知水平和社会影响对污水
处理效率的促进作用在生态移民安置区表现
的更为显著；而生态移民迁出区同心县的技
术支持和认知水平对污水处理效率的促进作
用相对偏弱。研究发现宁夏农村地区存在污
水设施建设不完善、运营维护能力不足、农
户认知水平低和宣传政策不合理等问题，并
据此提出相应的政策建议，旨在为我国西部
民族地区生态系统的可持续发展提供经验
借鉴。 |
| 关键词: 污水处理 影响因素 生态宜居 |
| DOI：DOI:10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240429006 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学基金项目（23XMZ001）； 北方民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助（ZLGTTYS22）； 宁夏自治区高等学校科研项目
（NYG2024098、NYG2024097） |
|
| Study on the influencing factors of rural sewage treatment from the perspective ofecological livability: Based on the micro-survey of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region |
|
LIU Qijun,LI Qingyu,LI Zhaonan,NIU Yunrui
|
| Abstract: |
| With the continuous acceleration of the rural revitalization process in western China, the
production and lifestyle of the vast rural areas have also been continuously improved. In the central
rural work conference in recent years, comprehensively promoting rural revitalization, building
livable and livable villages and beautiful villages have always been an important direction to
strengthen the construction of a strong agricultural country in the new era of China. At the same time,
with the proposal of the five-year action plan for the improvement of rural human settlements, the
Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China has actively responded to the call of the state to introduce
a series of policies and regulations to rectify the ecological environment in rural areas. However, due
to the increasing rural population in Ningxia, the change of production and lifestyle, and the increase
of industrial pollution in villages and towns, the discharge of rural wastewater has also increased
sharply. However, at present, the majority of rural areas have not fully popularized sewage treatment
facilities, and there are phenomena such as insufficient environmental awareness of farmers and
backward sewage treatment processes, so the efficiency of sewage treatment in some areas is still very
low. Therefore, accelerating rural sewage treatment is of great significance for improving rural living
environment and building ecologically livable and harmonious villages.In order to solve this problem,
this paper uses the Probit model and the micro-level survey data of farmers in Ningxia to analyze the
main factors and potential logic that affect the sewage treatment in this area. The results show that
technical support, awareness level and social impact will promote the improvement of rural sewage
treatment efficiency. At the same time, in order to specifically analyze the impact of regional
ecological conditions, immigration policies, ethnic regional characteristics and other factors on the
efficiency of sewage treatment, this paper will select Hongsibu County and Tongxin County for
heterogeneity analysis. Through group comparison, this paper further finds that technical support,
cognitive level and social impact have a more significant impact on improving sewage treatment
efficiency in Hongsipu ecological resettlement area. In contrast, in the ecological migration area of
Tongxin County, the role of technical support and cognitive level in improving the efficiency of
sewage treatment is relatively weak. At the same time, through the above research, it is found that the
sewage treatment work in rural areas of Ningxia has the following problems, including insufficient
sewage treatment facilities and low technical level of local personnel responsible for the operation and
maintenance of sewage treatment plants. In addition, there are also phenomena such as insufficient
awareness of environmental protection and knowledge reserve of farmers, and unreasonable
promotion and publicity policies. Based on these findings, this paper puts forward relevant policy
recommendations from three aspects, such as technical support, cognitive level and social impact. It is
emphasized that the construction and maintenance of facilities should be improved first. Secondly, itshould strengthen the local government and farmers’ attention to sewage treatment. Finally, it should take a reasonable way to actively carry out publicity
activities. At the same time, in view of the water environment improvement work in ethnic areas, relevant suggestions are put forward from the three levels of
production and living characteristics, folk culture and national strategy in ethnic areas. This is to provide experience referenced for the sustainable development
of the ecosystem in the western ethnic areas of China.Overall, this study highlights not only the urgent need to improve wastewater management in rural areas,
but also the important role of technology, awareness and social factors. By addressing the current challenges and actively adopting relevant policy
recommendations, it will greatly improve the efficiency of wastewater treatment, thereby creating a healthier and more sustainable rural ecological
environment. This is not only beneficial to the vast rural areas, but also more in line with the broad national goals of ecological protection and rural
development. At the same time, this study also provides valuable insights into the factors affecting sewage treatment in rural areas of Ningxia, and provides
practical suggestions for policy makers. By prioritizing the improvement of sewage treatment efficiency, rural areas can pave the way for a more sustainable
and harmonious future, and ultimately contribute to the overall goal of rural revitalization and ecological protection in western China. |
| Key words: sewage treatment influencing factor ecological livability |
