| 摘要: |
| 随着嫦娥探月工程的推进，我国在
月球科学研究方面取得了显著进展，驻人月
球科研站的建设已成为关键基础设施之一。
本文系统回顾了现有的月球光照研究与关键
技术，分析了多种科研站方案类型，并结合
高分辨率地形数据和光照模拟技术，基于类
比迁移理论提出光照模拟融入驻人月球科研
站设计的技术路线并进行初步应用，选取典
型建筑形态开展光照模拟分析，量化建筑表
面光照分布特性并生成可视化结果。研究结
果验证了技术路线的可行性，为完善月球建
筑设计的理论框架提供了可能的参考。未来
研究可进一步优化技术路线，结合实际需
求，推动驻人月球科研站在极端环境下的建
筑设计的稳定性与可持续性发展。 |
| 关键词: 月球科研站 月球光照 技术路
线 建筑设计 类比迁移理论 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240826001 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金重点项目（52238002）；国家自然科学基金面上项目（52478015） |
|
| Exploration of illumination simulation techniques and architectural applications forcrewed lunar research stations |
|
SHI Ligang,BI Xiaotong,LIU Jiaou
|
| Abstract: |
| As the China Lunar Exploration Project (CLEP) progresses, significant advancements have
been made in China’s lunar science research, positioning crewed lunar research stations as critical
infrastructure. These stations are not only integral for advancing lunar scientific exploration but also
serve as a foundation for leveraging the Moon’s unique environment for space development and
resource utilization. This paper systematically reviews the existing research on lunar illumination and
its associated key technologies, highlighting gaps in the integration of illumination simulation into the
design of crewed lunar research stations. Based on the theory of analogical transfer, a novel technical
framework is proposed to incorporate illumination simulation into architectural design processes. This
framework leverages high-resolution terrain data and advanced illumination simulation techniques to
address the challenges of the Moon’s extreme environment. The study identifies three primary
methods for lunar illumination simulation: remote sensing imagery, ray tracing, and the maximum
altitude angle method. Among these, the maximum altitude angle method is recognized as the most
effective for analyzing polar regions, offering higher precision and suitability for long-term
illumination studies. Using digital elevation models (DEMs) and DE430 ephemeris data, solar altitude
and azimuth angles were calculated for a specific site near the Shackleton crater ridge (coordinates:
89.45°S, 222.61°E), known for its extended periods of sunlight and strategic importance for potential
lunar missions. Illumination conditions at this site were analyzed to provide essential data for
architectural simulations. The proposed technical route consists of six key steps: 1) calculating solar
positional data, including altitude and azimuth angles, using ephemeris data; 2) constructing terrain
models from DEM data and deriving maximum terrain angles; 3) evaluating illumination conditions
by comparing solar altitude angles with maximum terrain angles to determine sunlight exposure; 4)
preparing illumination data as input for architectural simulations; 5) modeling typical architectural
forms, such as hemispherical structures, using Rhino and Grasshopper; 6) performing illumination
simulations to visualize and optimize building designs. This approach ensures that unique challenges
posed by lunar conditions, such as low solar altitude angles and limited illumination variability, are
effectively addressed.The study focuses on hemispherical structures due to their structural efficiency
and suitability for lunar habitats. By simulating illumination distribution on these structures under
lunar and terrestrial polar conditions, the research highlights significant contrasts in illumination
patterns. The lunar environment, characterized by consistently low solar altitude angles, results in a
more uniform and subdued illumination distribution. In contrast, higher solar angles at the Earth’s
poles lead to more varied illumination patterns influenced by building geometry and surface
orientation. These findings emphasize the need for lunar architectural designs to prioritize energy
efficiency, optimized spatial layout, and adaptability to minimal solar input.Key results demonstrate
the feasibility and reliability of the proposed technical framework. The integration of high-resolution
terrain data with solar illumination models provides accurate predictions of solar exposure, aiding in
the strategic placement of research stations and optimization of building geometries. The use of
analogical transfer theory proves effective in adapting terrestrial design principles to extraterrestrialenvironments, bridging gaps in current methodologies. Additionally, the framework enables the generation of visualized results, such as illumination
distribution maps, which facilitate intuitive understanding and refinement of architectural designs.This study contributes to the theoretical foundation of lunar
architectural design by offering a validated methodology for incorporating solar illumination simulations into building planning. The findings provide practical
insights for designing sustainable and functional crewed lunar research stations capable of operating under extreme environmental conditions. Future research
should focus on enhancing computational efficiency, improving the integration of terrain and illumination data, and expanding applications to include thermal
regulation, energy management, and long-term habitat resilience. Such efforts will further advance the stability and sustainability of architectural designs for
crewed lunar research stations. |
| Key words: lunar research station lunar illumination technical route architectural design analogical transfer theory |
