| 摘要: |
| 易地扶贫搬迁虽显著改善了滇西南
山区乡村聚落的人居环境品质，但在铲除空
间贫困根基的搬迁过程中，由于安置点建设
的任务性、时效性和指标性要求而很难完全
兼顾乡土风貌延续、景观生态友好等方面内
容，导致新聚落形态与环境载体的地理景观
要素及结构关系处理相对城市化。本研究借
助形态定量与内涵定性的分析手段，采用长
宽比、形状指数、建筑密度量化分析临沧市
临翔区35 个易地搬迁集中安置点的聚落形态
特征，并结合田野调查剖析其背后的生成机
制，通过探讨其环境适应与友好程度提出安
置点后续发展的指导建议，以期拓宽山区易
地搬迁安置点人居环境与地形地貌自然嵌
合、与生态环境有机融合的思路，为山区易
地搬迁安置点未来可持续发展、振兴和改造
建设提供方向。 |
| 关键词: 易地扶贫搬迁 聚落形态 生成机
制 形状指数 安置点 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240412004 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(52178040) |
|
| Characteristics and generation mechanism of settlement morphology in relocationresettlement sites in mountainous areas of southwest Yunnan Province: Taking LinxiangDistrict of Lincang City as an example |
|
GENG Hong,WU Dan,YAO Yibing,SHAO Langyu
|
| Abstract: |
| Although poverty alleviation through relocation has significantly improved the quality of
the human environment in rural settlements in the mountainous areas of southwestern Yunnan, the
process of eradicating spatial poverty often neglects the preservation of vernacular styles and
ecologically friendly landscapes. This negligence stems mainly from the task, timeliness and
indicator requirements of resettlement construction, which makes it difficult to fully take into
account the continuation of vernacular style and ecologically friendly landscape, resulting in the
relatively urbanised treatment of the geographic landscape elements and structural relationships of
the new settlement forms and environmental carriers. To address this issue, this study adopts a novel
approach by integrating quantitative morphology and qualitative connotation analyses, diverging
from previous studies that relied solely on either qualitative or quantitative methods. Specifically, it
employs metrics such as aspect ratio, shape index, and building density to quantitatively analyze the
morphological characteristics of settlements across 35 relocation centers in Linxiang District,
Lincang City. Furthermore, the study investigates the generative mechanisms behind these
morphological characteristics through comprehensive field surveys, aiming to provide a deeper
understanding of the factors shaping settlement patterns. By exploring the degree of environmental
adaptation and friendliness of the settlement pattern of the relocation centres, and then putting
forward suggestions for guiding the subsequent development of the settlements. This study aims to
broaden the idea of the natural embedding of the human environment in mountainous relocation
settlements with the topography and landscape, and the organic integration with the ecological
environment, so as to provide a direction for the future sustainable development, revitalisation and
reconstruction of mountainous relocation settlements. The key findings of the study are as follows:
1) The morphological characteristics of settlements in centralized resettlement sites in Linxiang
District can be classified into eight distinct types. While each type exhibits unique spatial structures,
85.7% of the settlements have building densities of 0.5 or higher, and 66% display a pronounced
tendency toward banding in their morphology. 2) The settlement patterns in Linxiang District have
been significantly reshaped due to constraints imposed by the natural environment, policy directives,
and the influence of modern functionalities. The spatial configuration of resettlement sites has
transitioned from a pre-relocation state of “mountainous terrain and scattered building distribution”
to a post-relocation state of “flat area concentration and compact building layout.” Overall, the
spatial pattern of resettlement settlements is characterized by “compactness and regularity, scale
agglomeration, and internal and external integration.” 3) In Linxiang District, the building
organization mode of resettlement sites predominantly adopts a linear layout rather than a centripetalone. While this approach ensures good building orientation, it often lacks sufficient consideration for the cohesion of public spaces, which may hinder
community interaction and social cohesion. 4) At present, although the eight types of relocation sites in Linxiang District largely meet the modern living
needs of relocated villagers, the original distinctiveness of these settlements in terms of vernacularity, locality, and cultural integration with the natural
landscape has been gradually eroded during the relocation process. Most resettlement sites have simplified the integration of buildings with the natural
environment, leaning toward urban construction styles. While pursuing short-term benefits during relocation is inevitable, it is equally crucial to consider
how to preserve the vernacular style, ecological and environmentally friendly landscapes, and regional cultural heritage for the relocated communities. This
study highlights the need for a balanced approach that reconciles immediate practicalities with long-term sustainability, ensuring that the unique cultural and
environmental attributes of these regions are preserved while meeting the modern living needs of the relocated populations. Limitations of this study include:
1) The resettlement sites in the mountainous areas of southwestern Yunnan Province are widely distributed and numerous. At this stage, the study is limited
to 35 resettlement sites in Linxiang District, Lincang City, which restricts the geographical coverage and generalizability of the findings. 2) Due to limited
access to information and research time constraints, the discussion on the generative mechanisms of settlement patterns is primarily qualitative. Future
research will aim to incorporate more quantitative analyses to better understand the influencing factors and generative mechanisms of settlement patterns in
relocation sites. Additionally, the study will expand its sample to include areas such as Pu’er City and Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture to further
validate the universality and effectiveness of the research framework and methodologies. This will provide a more comprehensive empirical basis for the
study of relocation sites in the mountainous regions of southwestern Yunnan Province. By addressing these limitations, this study aims to contribute to the
broader discussion on sustainable development and ecological conservation in rural relocation settlements, and to provide insights that can be applied to
similar situations in southwestern Yunnan. Ultimately, this study aims to provide policymakers and planners with ideas on how to achieve a harmonious
balance between modernisation, cultural heritage and ecological conservation in promoting the subsequent development of resettlement sites to ensure that
the benefits of poverty alleviation can be sustained in the long term. |
| Key words: relocation for poverty alleviation settlement pattern generation mechanism shape index resettlement site |
