|
|
| |
|
|
| 本文已被：浏览 21次 下载 0次 |
|
|
|
| 基于层次分析法的健康中小学校评价指标体系研究 |
|
甘月朗,刘剀
|
|
1.深圳大学建筑与城市规划学院，深圳市宝安区航城街道办事处城市建设办公室;2.华中科技大学
|
|
| 摘要: |
| 健康中小学校对青少年身心发展具有重要战略意义，然目前仍缺乏系统性框架以指引建设。研究基于层次分析法，围绕健康促进的核心目标，建立“目标层—准则层—领域层—指标层—因子层”五级评价指标体系，系统阐释层级结构逻辑，明确各指标权重系数，识别主导因素，并据此提出以核心指标优先、全周期管控、多路径协同为导向的设计原则与策略，为后续理论研究、标准编制及工程实践提供科学量化支撑。 |
| 关键词: 健康中小学校 健康促进 层次分析法 评价指标体系 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TU |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年项目（52308027） |
|
| Construction of Evaluation Index System for Healthy Primary and Secondary School Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process |
|
GAN YUE LANG1,2,3,4,5,3,4,6, LIU KAI7
|
|
1.School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen University;2.Hangcheng Sub-district Office, Bao&3.amp;4.#39;5.&6.an District, Shenzhen;7.Huazhong University of Science and Technology
|
| Abstract: |
| The health of adolescents is a pivotal cornerstone for social development. In the context of rapid urbanization and evolving educational paradigms, the physical and mental health of school - aged children has become a critical concern. However, current primary and secondary school construction and management lack a comprehensive, systematically structured health evaluation framework, leading to significant uncertainties and inefficiencies in practical implementation.
Previous healthy school promotion efforts predominantly focused on health management strategies, including disease prevention programs, health education curricula, and medical service provisions. While these initiatives effectively enhanced students' health awareness and prevented common diseases, they overlooked the profound impact of the spatial environment on health promotion. The design of school buildings, classrooms, playgrounds, and other facilities often fails to incorporate health - promoting principles, contributing to prevalent student health issues such as myopia, obesity, musculoskeletal disorders, and mental health problems.
This study is designed to fill this significant gap by constructing a comprehensive evaluation index system for healthy primary and secondary schools. The research has two overarching objectives: first, to provide evidence - based, quantifiable, and actionable guidance for school construction projects, enabling architects, planners, and educational administrators to make informed decisions; second, to establish a robust theoretical foundation for the formulation of the “Evaluation Standards for Healthy Primary and Secondary Schools,” which can serve as a benchmark for future school construction and management.
This study aims to fill this gap by constructing a comprehensive evaluation index system for healthy primary and secondary schools. Its dual objectives are to provide evidence - based, quantifiable guidance for school construction projects, enabling informed decision - making for architects, planners, and administrators, and to establish a robust theoretical foundation for formulating the “Evaluation Standards for Healthy Primary and Secondary Schools.”
To accurately determine the relative importance of each factor within the index system, ten experts with extensive experience in the fields of healthy building design, environmental health, and educational facility planning were invited to participate in a series of pairwise comparison exercises. The comparisons were conducted using the 1 - 9 scale method, a commonly used technique in AHP for quantifying subjective judgments. The collected data were then processed using the geometric mean method to ensure the reliability and validity of the results. Subsequently, the processed data were input into the yaahp 10.0 software to construct 46 judgment matrices. Through rigorous weight calculations and consistency testing procedures, the weight coefficients of each index were accurately determined, ensuring the scientific rigor of the index system.
The research results unveil a clear hierarchical structure of importance among the indicators. At the criterion layer, the healthy environment emerges as the most critical factor, underscoring the paramount importance of creating a safe, clean, and healthy physical environment for students. This is closely followed by nutrition and diet, highlighting the significance of providing healthy food options in school canteens. Sports, environmental comfort, and humanistic care, while relatively less dominant, still form an integral part of the index system, contributing to the overall health and well - being of students. At the domain layer, the air environment is identified as the sole core domain, emphasizing the crucial role of air quality in school health. The water environment and food safety are classified as important domains, further highlighting the need to ensure the safety and quality of water and food provided in schools. In the indicator layer, air quality, food quality, and water quality constitute the core indicator group, which should be given top priority in school construction and management.
In conclusion, the design and construction of healthy primary and secondary schools should adhere to the principle of “core indicator priority - full cycle management - multi - path collaboration.” This principle entails prioritizing the control of basic health elements, such as air, water, and food safety, through strategic site selection, the use of low - volatile organic compound (VOC) building materials, and optimized functional zoning. Full - cycle management, encompassing the entire process from initial planning and design to construction and long - term operation, is essential for maximizing health benefits at every stage. Multi - path collaboration, involving the integration of sports facilities into common areas, the creation of multifunctional learning spaces, and the promotion of social interaction, can significantly enhance space utilization efficiency and the intensity of health interventions. The evaluation index system developed in this study provides a solid scientific and quantitative basis for theoretical research, standard setting, and practical applications in the construction of healthy primary and secondary schools. It is expected to make significant contributions to improving the health and well - being of teachers and students, as well as promoting the standardized and sustainable development of healthy campus construction. |
| Key words: Healthy Primary and secondary schools Health promotion Analytic hierarchy process Evaluation index system |
|
|
|
|
