| 摘要: |
| 在国土空间规划背景下,探明生态空间研究进展并完善规划框架,将促进生态空间研究与实践的耦合互馈。结合CiteSpace等工具系统回顾国内外生态空间研究进展并总结国内研究局限,发现:1)国内外生态空间研究热点主要集中在生态原理机制探究、生态空间识别与评价、格局演变与优化、规划管控等四个方面；2)生态空间规划已由传统规划体系的附属上升为国土空间规划的专项前沿,呈现出融合生态机制和多元技术的规划技术流程优化等趋势；3)生态空间研究与规划存在局限性,在思维导向、规划内容、技术方法和规划体系与技术框架方面仍有优化空间,特别是对阈值效应等生态机制在规划管控中的量化应用亟待加强。最后文章基于生态原理机制,针对生态空间规划技术框架优化,提出生态空间规划“六步法”和响应阈值效应的管控传导策略,以期为构建国土空间规划背景下生态空间规划体系提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 国土空间规划 生态空间 生态系统服务 阈值效应 规划体系 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TU981 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目）,国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）,湖北省自然资源厅2024科技项目,湖北省住建厅2024科技项目 |
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| Review and Prospect of Ecological Space —Optimization of Planning Technical Framework by Integrating Ecological Mechanisms |
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zhou yan, tong an
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School of Urban Design, Wuhan University
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| Abstract: |
| In the context of advancing ecological civilization, achieving high-level governance, fostering sustainable development, and creating high-quality living standards, the integration of ecological principles into territorial space planning has gained paramount importance. Ecological space, a critical component of territorial spatial planning, plays an essential role in maintaining national ecological security and promoting ecosystem equilibrium. Given this background, identifying the progress of ecological space research and optimizing planning frameworks is imperative to foster the mutual feedback between ecological research and practical application.
Using tools such as CiteSpace and Histcite, this study systematically reviews the progress of ecological space research at both domestic and international levels and summarizes the limitations of domestic research. The analysis reveals four major research hotspots in the field of ecological space: (1) understanding ecological mechanisms and principles, (2) identification and evaluation of ecological spaces, (3) the evolution and optimization of spatial patterns, and (4) strategies for planning and governance. These form the academic logic of "origin-regularity-application". These research themes collectively underpin the theoretical and practical advancements in ecological space planning, reflecting its transition from an adjunct aspect of traditional planning systems to a specialized frontier within territorial space planning frameworks. Ecological space planning demonstrates a notable shift towards integrating ecological mechanisms and diverse technological approaches. This transformation is characterized by the optimization of planning processes, wherein the synthesis of ecological principles with advanced methodologies such as geospatial analysis and decision-support tools enables more sophisticated and actionable frameworks. Moreover, planning frameworks have increasingly focused on addressing multi-objective optimization challenges under resource constraints, emphasizing ecological protection, restoration, and service provision.
Despite these advancements, significant limitations persist in the domain of ecological space research and planning. These include gaps in the orientation of ecological thinking, inadequacies in planning content, reliance on traditional technical methods, and fragmentation within planning systems and technical frameworks. Particularly, the quantitative application of ecological mechanisms, such as threshold effects, in planning and control remains underexplored. Threshold effects, which encapsulate critical points in ecosystem responses to external pressures, hold immense potential for refining planning strategies by aligning them more closely with ecological realities.
Addressing these challenges requires a paradigm shift in the conceptualization and implementation of ecological space planning. This study, therefore, proposes a novel "six-step method" for ecological space planning, grounded in ecological principles and designed to enhance planning efficiency and efficacy. This method comprises "Baseline Survey - Benefit Assessment - Threshold Identification - Pattern Construction - Control Formulation - Multi-objective Optimization".
Additionally, the study introduces a control strategy tailored to address threshold effects in ecological governance. This strategy emphasizes the integration of ecological thresholds into zoning regulations, indicators control, and management interventions, thereby providing a scientific basis for decision-making processes. By doing so, it bridges the gap between theoretical advancements in ecological science and their practical application in territorial planning.
Ecological space research and planning in China, while progressing, face unique challenges due to the rapid urbanization and complex socio-environmental dynamics. Domestic studies have made strides in adopting ecosystem service perspectives and incorporating ecological protection and restoration objectives. However, these efforts often lack the granularity and precision necessary for effective implementation. For example, the transition from traditional green space planning to ecological space planning at the municipal and county levels has been hindered by inadequate technical tools for fine-scale governance and insufficient integration of quantitative metrics.
Globally, ecological space planning has evolved into a multidisciplinary endeavor, leveraging innovations in remote sensing, geographic information systems (GIS), and computational modeling. International case studies highlight the importance of participatory approaches, where stakeholders are actively involved in planning processes, and adaptive management strategies are employed to respond to changing environmental conditions. These approaches offer valuable lessons for enhancing the scientific rigor and practical relevance of ecological space planning in China.
In summary, this study contributes to the growing discourse on ecological space planning by systematically synthesizing research advancements, identifying existing limitations, and proposing actionable frameworks and strategies. By emphasizing the integration of ecological mechanisms, particularly "spatial pattern-ecological process-ecological service" relationship and threshold effects, into planning practices, the study aims to foster a transition from qualitative, experience-based approaches to quantitative, evidence-driven methodologies. This shift is crucial for embedding ecological considerations into the unified framework of territorial spatial planning, thereby advancing ecological civilization and ensuring sustainable development.
The findings and proposals outlined in this study provide a reference for policymakers, planners, and researchers seeking to refine ecological space planning systems. By bridging the gap between research and practice, the study underscores the potential of ecological space planning to serve as a cornerstone for achieving high-level governance, fostering sustainable urbanization, and promoting ecological resilience in the face of unprecedented environmental challenges. |
| Key words: Territorial space planning Ecological space Ecosystem service Threshold effect Planning system |
