| 摘要: |
| 在地广人稀、远离都市的低人口密度地区,城乡基本公共服务均等化进程进展缓慢。以“均等化”为目标的公共服务布局体系,在地理空间上难以落实。研究以突破地域空间发展瓶颈为目标,公共服务需求牵引为导向,试图利用空间模式,揭示地域空间运行中的空间现象与空间过程,刻画低人口密度地区公共服务“流动路径—空间协同—覆盖圈层”的空间模式。研究建立的“地域格局空间测度—公共服务空间组织”技术逻辑,其意义不仅在于技术补充与归纳总结,更重要的是在低人口密度地区的公共服务建设上,能够促进公共服务体系的均等性建构与资源优化配置,为低人口密度的草原牧区公共服务设施布局规划实践与管理提供适宜性方法框架,同时为公共政策制定提供依据。 |
| 关键词: 公共服务 空间模式 低人口密度地区 典型草原牧区 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TU982.29 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年项目-“空间网络+动态布局”——低人口密度地区公共服务设施布局模式研究,(项目编号51908297)；国家自然科学基金地区项目-虚实交互下的旧城意象空间建构及其规划策略研究,(项目编号52468012)；国家自然科学基金地区项目-内蒙古草原城市风貌要素识别与管控研究,(项目编号52068057)；内蒙古工业大学重点教学改革项目-专创融合+科研反哺——城乡规划专业设计类课程体系优化,(项目编号2023105)；内蒙古工业大学课程建设项目-城乡规划设计(四),(项目编号RC2022003） |
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| Organizational Pattern of Public Service Space in Low Population Density Areas |
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zhangliheng, Songxinhao, Guolixia, Yangyujun
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Inner Mongolia University of Technology
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| Abstract: |
| Low population density which is sparsely populated and far away from the city, the process of equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas is going slowly. In view of this, aiming at breaking through the bottleneck of regional spatial development and guided by the traction of public service demand, this thesis attempted to reveal the spatial phenomenon and spatial process of area under the dynamic mechanism, the spatial pattern of "flow path-spatial coordination-covering circle" of public services was formed. The technical logic of "spatial measurement of geographical pattern—spatial organization of public services" established in this study is not only of technical supplement and summary, but more importantly, it can promote the equality of public service systems in the construction of public services in low-population density areas. It will promote the equalization construction of public service system and the optimal allocation of resources, and improve the suitability of facility layout. It provides a suitable method framework for the layout planning practice and management of public service facilities in areas with low population density, and provides a practical technical support for the post evaluation and adjustment of planning and construction. Meanwhile, it provides a basis for the formulation of public policies.
By establishing the spatial theoretical system of "spatial discreteness constraint, spatial synergy promotion and spatial network support" and combing the public service theoretical system of "fairness and equalization, accessibility and supply-demand matching, mobility and geographical suitability", the theoretical basis of the spatial model of public service in grassland and pastoral areas was improved and the research system framework and technical logic were supported.
By analyzing the systematic logic between the evolution of regional space, the formation of spatial pattern, the layout characteristics of residential areas and the demand for public services, the "Networked dynamic" demand for public services was verified, under the influence of the characteristics of spatial pattern of discreteness and complexity, regional difference and coordination, habitability and mobility.
By analyzing the spatial distribution characteristics of residential areas in typical grassland pastoral areas and the spatial matching needs of "dynamic coordination" actively adapted by public services, this study provided a basis for reconstructing the network dynamic circle of grassland pastoral areas and optimizing the public service spatial organization mode of dynamic facility layout points, flow paths and service circle.
By verifying the role of the dynamic mechanism of the "discrete-collaboration-network" spatial process on the organization of public service space, the principle of "dynamic supply - collaborative association - differentiated configuration" for the construction of the public service space pattern was proposed. Then the spatial organization mode of "scale centralized service circle - dynamic collaborative service circle - discrete mobile service circle" and the service facilities category of "centralized, collaborative and dynamic" were clarified. Therefore, a public service space platform in typical grassland and pastoral areas was established.
This study proposed two categories of public services in grassland and pastoral areas, namely, "multi-dimensional objectives - spatial composition", and four sub categories of spatial models, namely, "public service network dynamics based on network operation - discrete flow of public services based on discrete zoning - dynamic coordination of public services based on ecology-production-life coordination - public service flow circle based on flow spatial characteristics".
In conclusion, aiming at breaking through the bottleneck, this study established a closed-loop theoretical framework of "spatial dispersion, spatial coordination and spatial network" from the perspective of spatial pattern, which has theoretical supporting significance for the research of regionalized and typified spatial forms and structures. Guided by the demand traction, the concept of "spatial network + mobile service" of public service in typical grassland pastoral areas of Inner Mongolia was derived from the spatial demand of mobile public service and the rotational grazing state of grassland, which is of enlightening significance for expanding the connotation of equalization of public service in different regions. It has reference value for the research on the spatial distribution of public services in regions with similar regional spatial structure characteristics (such as Qinghai, Tibet, Xinjiang, etc.). The technical logic of "spatial measurement of geographical pattern—spatial organization of public services" established in this study is not only of technical supplement and summary, but more importantly, it can promote the equality of public service systems in the construction of public services in low-population density areas. It will promote the equalization construction of public service system and the optimal allocation of resources, and improve the suitability of facility layout. It provides a suitable method framework for the layout planning practice and management of public service facilities in grassland pastoral areas with low population density, and provides a practical technical support for the post evaluation and adjustment of planning and construction. Meanwhile, it provides a basis for the formulation of public policies (zoning and rotating animal husbandry, housing projects, construction of new pastoral areas, etc.). Through the operation of technical logic, it was studied to establish a space platform, put forward construction principles, clarify facility categories and spatial organization pattern, and finally build a spatial pattern of public services in grassland and pastoral areas. The significance lies not only in practical innovation and strengthening the urban-rural system in low population density areas, but also in implementing the equalization and accurate supply of basic public services. It is of great value to improve the regional public service system. |
| Key words: Public services Spatial pattern Low Population Density Areas Typical grassland pastoral areas |
