| 摘要: |
| 随着城市化和新型城镇化的发展，城
市热岛效应不断加剧。城市绿地空间微气候环
境的热舒适性是影响人们户外活动的重要因
素，而综合公园是市民在城市绿色空间中进行不
同活动的集中选择。为了深入探讨综合公园不
同空间类型对居民热舒适性的调节作用，研究
以沈阳市万柳塘公园为研究对象，通过问卷调
查、现场实测和微气候模拟相结合的方式，评估
公园不同活动类型空间的热舒适度，校准居民
对热环境感知的中性温度和不同热等级的感知
范围。结果表明：不同类型活动空间的热舒适感知存在差异；研究基于MATLAB对微气候实测数据和模拟数据进行拟合，得到各类活动空间更
为准确的热舒适评价结果；通过研究确定了四类空间的生理等效温度（PET）等级及中性温度范
围，并基于此对各类空间的热舒适性进行评价。研究结果对城市公园景观设计具有重要意义，可
以帮助城市规划者和景观设计师在未来城市建设中科学地改善城市室外热环境。 |
| 关键词: 城市公园 小气候 ENVI-met 热舒适 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20230603 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（52178045、52108011）；辽
宁省教育厅高等学校基本科研项目（LJKZ0555)；中
央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助（QNMS2022
11）；广东省哲学社会科学规划2022年度项目（GD22
XGL02）；广州市哲学社科规划2022年度课题（2022
GZQN14）；广东省基础与应用基础研究基金（2023
A1515011137） |
|
| Thermal Comfort Evaluation of Activity Space in Urban Comprehensive Parks Based on Microclimate Simulation: A Case Study of Wanliutang Park in Shenyang City |
|
DONG Yukuan,ZHANG Zhe,SUN Shiyi,WANG Qiushi,LIU Xiao
|
| Abstract: |
| With the advancement of urbanization, urban functions are increasingly complex and urban
heat island effect is intensifying. The contradiction between the diversified needs of citizens for activity
space and the simple development of urban green space functions is becoming increasingly prominent. In
the past few decades, the acceleration of urbanization and global warming have led to the intensification
of urban heat island effect. International cities have put forward relevant concepts and coping strategies for
high temperature hazards from the aspects of early warning, monitoring, prevention and control, policy and
design practice. The thermal comfort of urban green space microclimate environment is an important factor
affecting people’s outdoor activities, and comprehensive park is a concentrated choice for citizens to carry
out different activities in urban green space. In this context, this paper combineds questionnaire survey, field
measurement and microclimate simulation to study the thermal comfort changes of different activity types
in Wanliutang Park, Shenyang in one day. It is found that different types of activity spaces will produce
different thermal perception differences due to the differences in the activity mode and environment of the
users. In order to further explore the all-day variation of thermal comfort values in different spaces, this
paper fits the measured microclimate data and simulated data based on MATLAB, and finds the optimal
function matching based on the minimum sum of squared errors, so as to obtain the minimum error data
between the measured values and simulated values. Finally, more accurate thermal comfort evaluation
results of various activity spaces are conducted. Finally, the physiological equivalent temperature (PET)
grade and neutral temperature range of the four types of spaces are determined through the study, and the
neutral PET value of each space is calculated as 23.93 ℃, 20.67 ℃, 23.68 ℃, 23.11 ℃. Based on this, the
thermal comfort of various spaces is evaluated. In this study, the thermal comfort rating of different activity
spaces in Wanliutang, Shenyang, is more targeted, which can better help users assess the environment,
clarify the thermal environment benchmark of various activity spaces in the comprehensive park, and
provide references for the improvement of residents’ outdoor activities and comfort. The research results
are of great significance to the landscape design of urban parks, and can help urban planners and landscape
designers scientifically improve the outdoor thermal environment and thermal comfort in the future urban
construction. In the future outdoor thermal comfort research, it should make up for the shortcomings of
this study, understand the changes of human thermal sensation more comprehensively and accurately, and
provide more comfortable and healthy urban green space for urban residents. |
| Key words: Urban Parks Microclimate ENVI-met Thermal Comfort |
