| 摘要: |
| 国家空间选择反映了国家治理的空间偏
好，通过在选定空间进行尺度建构，引发地方多
尺度空间重构。国家级新区作为一种基于地方的
国家空间选择策略，2010年以来得到学界广泛关
注。现有研究重点审视这一策略建构实施的过
程、机制和内在逻辑，对其如何嵌构并影响地
方空间重构的探讨尚不深入。本文以中国内陆首
个国家级新区——重庆两江新区为例，揭示其
在都市区北部的治理建构对产业和人口的多层
次空间影响，比照欧美20世纪90年代以来国家
空间选择向都市区尺度上移后在次区域层面形
成的新空间非均衡现象，从政策治理环境、地
方政府角色探讨了中国与欧美国家空间选择对地
方空间影响的异同，丰富了国家空间选择理论的
地方化理解。 |
| 关键词: 国家空间选择 国家级新区 尺度建构 空间重构 两江新区 重庆 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20230410 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51808391） |
|
| State Spatial Selectivity and Local Spatial Restructuring: The Relational Spatial Impacts of Chongqing Liangjiang New Area |
|
LI Lingyue,YAN Wentao,WANG Bokun
|
| Abstract: |
| Spatial selectivity of the state (SSS), enforced and concretized through unpacking
hegemonic programs and accumulation strategies, can be understood as an interpretation, an
intermedium, and an aftermath of political ideology. Spatial selectivity at the nation-state level
creates new state space (NSS) of/for capital accumulation whereby state intervention denaturalizes
the socioeconomic process and elicits profound socioeconomic restructuring. By privileging certain
spatial scale, state engraves authority to the socioeconomic basis and engendered variegated spatial
process. In western Europe and north America, the unstable, evolving form of SSS has resulted in
“politics of uneven distribution” and provoked a sui generis characteristics of capital production and
spatial change, e.g., the North-South divide in City of London since late 1980s.
Chinese territorial urbanization has touched off substantial scholarship from an SSS perspective
in the wake of its ascending to the world’s second largest economy. In planning practice, the favored
scale of SSS for capital accumulation evolves from time to time, unceasingly breaking the extant
spatial orders for (re)balance. National New Area has been the nation’s strategic spatial selectivity
and has been received wide scholarly attention since 2010. Embedded with new state-directed
visions, the national new areas are comprehensive functional zones approved by the State Council
shouldering major national development and strategic tasks of reform and opening up to promote
industrialization and comprehensive urban development. Until 2018, China has approved a total of
19 national-level new areas, of which 9 are located on the coast and 10 are located inland, with land
areas ranging from 100 to 2,500 square kilometers, assuming the mission of promoting a balanced
regional development in China. Extant research has primarily stressed the process, mechanism and
operational logic of national new area, studies look into spatial restructuring elicited by the strategy
are limited.
This research shares the view endorsed by Harvey that human activity creates specific spatial
form and examines the restructured spatial pattern defined by socioeconomic activities under
Chongqing Liangjiang New Area. Along the upper reach of Yangtze River Basin, Chongqing has a
large area crisscrossed by rivers and mountains. Its unique location and topography have made the
city a transport hub and a focal point for national defense for a long time. Liangjiang New Area is
located in the main city proper of Chongqing. As the third national-level new area in China after
Pudong and Binhai, and the first inland new area, Liangjiang has been established for a relatively
long time thus it’s able to reflect the local effect of the state spatial selectivity. Moreover, the urban rural dualist structure of Liangjiang is representative for inland region where urbanization rates
are far below the coastal area. The main findings of this research are threefold. First, Liangjiang as
the national new area approved by the State Council aims to balance the development differences
between the east and western regions. This is reflected in the slowdown of the net outflow of
population in Chongqing. Second, local government takes advantage of the construction of new
scale to promote the northward expansion of the main city and the integration of resources for a
strong urban core, which lead to new spatial imbalance in the metropolitan area. Such unbalanced development is reflected in the spatial distribution of industrial resources and the population flow in Chongqing’s main city, one circle and two wings
structure. Liangjiang New Area has contributed to the integration and structural adjustment of industrial resources in metropolitan Chongqing. However, as
main employment opportunities remain concentrate in the main city, its population has continued growth rapidly. The promotion of public rental housing and
household registration system reforms for rural to register as non-agricultural residents also matters for this growth.
This article also discusses how the new spatial imbalance results from the national new area strategy differs from what happened in Euro-America since
1990s, contributing to a localized understanding towards the impacts of state spatial selectivity. |
| Key words: State Spatial Selectivity National New Area Building Scale Spatial Restructuring Liangjiang New Area Chongqing |
