| 摘要: |
| 2022年4月教育部办公厅印发《关于实
施全国健康学校建设计划的通知》，其中强调
我国决定实施全国健康学校建设计划，将促进
学生健康融入学校发展规划。同时，在我国大
力推行儿童友好城市建设的大背景下，如何通
过优化校园环境促进学生健康已成为健康建
筑研究领域的关注课题。体力活动促进是青少
年健康促进的重要干预手段，本研究选取西安
市高密度社区内两所中学进行案例对比分析，
通过问卷调研和数理统计分析，以学生的主
观感受和评价为切入点，分别从安全性、舒适
性、美观性和可达性四个维度探讨影响中学生
校内体力活动的校园环境感知要素以及二者的
关联规律。并从绿化景观层次的丰富性，公共
空间的多义性和绿色校园的生态性几个角度提
出促进体力活动的中学校园环境优化策略，以
期从健康促进视角对校园空间环境设计策略
提供依据与参考。 |
| 关键词: 健康促进 中学校园 体力活动 环境感知 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20230406 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51978551）；陕西省社会科
学基金项目（2023J093） |
|
| A Study on the Correlation Between Environmental Perception and Physical Activity of Middle School Students from the Perspective of Health Promotion |
|
WANG Qing,WANG Yan,LI Zhimin
|
| Abstract: |
| In April 2022, the General Office of the Ministry of Education issued the Notice on the
Implementation of the National Healthy School Construction Plan, which emphasized that China
decided to implement the National Healthy School construction plan, and integrated the promotion
of students’ health into the school development plan, major reform and construction projects. At
the same time, under the background of vigorously promoting child-friendly city construction, how
to optimize the campus environment to promote students’ health has become the focus of health
architecture research.
Physical activity promotion is an important intervention method for adolescent health
promotion. This paper selects two middle schools in Xi’an high-density community for comparative
analysis of cases. Firstly, through literature review, the multi-dimensional environmental perception
factors affecting middle school students’ physical activity in school were screened. Taking
students’ subjective feelings and evaluation as the starting point, the environmental perception
score questionnaire survey was carried out from four dimensions of safety, comfort, aesthetics and
accessibility. By reviewing the intensity and frequency of physical activity in the school in one week,
students selected the option that best suits their own situation at different levels in the questionnaire.
Secondly, a total of 104 valid questionnaires from the two schools were analyzed using Excel and
SPSS software for mathematical statistics, and the differences between genders and schools were
compared in terms of physical activity level scores and environmental perception evaluation scores
respectively, and the reasons for the differences were analyzed. Finally, through correlation analysis
and multiple regression analysis, the correlation between campus environment perception factors and
students’ physical activity was discussed, and the action mode of environmental perception factors
and physical activity characteristics was understood.
Through the questionnaire survey and mathematical statistical analysis, based on students’
subjective feelings and evaluation as the starting point, this paper discusses the perceived elements
of campus environment and the correlation between them from four dimensions of safety, comfort,
aesthetics and accessibility. From the perspectives of the richness of green landscape, the polysemy
of public space and the ecology of green campus, this paper puts forward the optimization strategies
of campus environment to promote physical activity. For example, when optimizing the campus
environment, it can be considered that blurring the specific functions of some public spaces,
weaken and dissolve the boundaries between different places, and enhance the transparency and
compatibility for various types of activities. Or respond to students’ uneven perceived comfort with
the overall campus environment. Under different regional climate conditions, attention should be
paid to shading, rain prevention, ventilation and heat insulation of activity space and site, and energy
consumption can be reduced by setting overhead floors, connecting corridors and roof greening,
combined with passive design strategies. It is hoped to provide basis and reference for the design
strategy of campus space environment from the perspective of health promotion.
The discussion of perceived environment is the first step to dig deeply into the influence
mechanism of campus environment and students’ physical activities. With the deepening of theresearch, objectively quantified physical environment elements are introduced, such as the area of per student sports field, the number of sports facilities,
the shading rate of the field, etc., combining the subjective perceived environment elements of students. At the same time, policy environment and social
environment elements, only by adding the analysis as a potential confounding factor can we comprehensively and deeply evaluate the correlation law between
campus environment and physical activity. The factors affecting physical activity of middle school students are multi-dimensional and complex. Due to the
limitation of time and conditions, this study has the deficiency of small sample size and a single perspective based on subjective perception. In the next step,
accelerometer, GPS and other instruments will be combined with objective measurement data of physical activity on the basis of subjective questionnaire,
so as to further explore and reveal the correlation between campus space environment and students’ physical activity from a more comprehensive and
multidimensional perspective, while promoting the design practice of healthy campus. |
| Key words: Health Promotion Middle School Campus Physical Activity Environmental Perception |
