|
| 摘要: |
| 澳门的工业遗产在城市快速发展的过
程中面临荒废和拆除的危机。针对澳门土地资
源稀缺、人口密集的特点，提出澳门近代工业遗
产适应性再利用的保护方式。以益隆炮竹厂为主
要研究对象，通过个案分析法、田野调查法，针
对益隆炮竹厂保护所面临的问题，结合遗产保
护、居民休闲、旅游业发展与氹仔城市更新四大
城市发展需求，提出适用于益隆炮竹厂以及其他
澳门近代工业遗产的适应性再利用的策略：突出
文化特色、结合功能需求进行改造、借势宣传和
植入可持续发展的观念，以期对澳门其他近代
工业遗产的保护具有普适性的意义与价值。 |
| 关键词: 澳门工业遗产 益隆炮竹厂 适应性再
利用 保护 开发 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20220520 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
|
| Adaptive Reuse for Modern Industrial Heritage in Macao: A Case Study of Yec LongFirework Factory |
|
Francisco Vizeu Pinheiro, ZHU Hui
|
| Abstract: |
| The arrival of the post-industrial era has brought great changes to the traditional
industry, but also left a number of industrial heritages, industrial heritage protection and urban
development facing a huge contradiction. Macao has a small land area and a high population
density, so the conflict between industrial heritage protection and urban development is more
obvious, and industrial heritage is not protected by law. Therefore, it is urgent to find a suitable
way to protect Macao’s modern industrial heritage. Adaptive reuse is a way of historical
building protection, refers to in the construction field by means of creating a new kind of
useful function, or with the aid of reconfiguration a material life but still, there are no longer
functional life of the old building, make its original function to meet the demand of a new, to
continue the act of a building or structure. Adaptive reuse is both appropriate and inevitable for
Macao’s modern industrial heritage.
Macao is a special administrative region of the People’s Republic of China, so its
legislation and protection practices are very different from those of the mainland. At present,
Macao’s industrial heritage is mainly divided into several types, such as lighthouses, forts,
factories and wharves. Among them, the lighthouse and fortress are well preserved, while the
other buildings have not been listed in the protection list, and Yec Long Firework Factory is
one of them. Yec Long Firework Factory is one of the most important industrial heritages in
Macao. It represents the handicraft level of Macao in the 1950s and reflects the production and
life status of Macao in that period. However, since it has not been assessed as Macao’s cultural
heritage, it is not protected by Macao’s Cultural Heritage Protection Law and has been in an
empty state for a long time, and even faced the crisis of being demolished. In particular, Yec
Long Firework Factory was facing the crisis of being converted into high-rise housing due to
the pressure of population growth and housing demand. Therefore, this paper takes Yec Long
Firework Factory as the main research object.
Yec Long Firework Factory is the only well-preserved large-scale industrial heritage
in Macao. Although the building has been seriously damaged, the overall layout has been
completely preserved, which records the rise and fall of the gun industry in Macao. It is also the
memory of a generation of Macao people and has high historical and scientific value. A large
number of trees are planted when not abandoned in the plant, the tree age is 40~50 years, has a
certain ecological value.
In order to understand the context of Macao heritage protection, this paper reveals the gap in the classification of Macao industrial heritage and
modern architecture through a brief analysis of the legislation and practice on the classification of Macao industrial heritage and modern architecture.
In the Taiwan region, the reuse of cultural heritage started earlier, especially the reuse mode of industrial heritage oriented by cultural creativity
has developed more mature and has its own characteristics. The Taiwan region and Macao are also located in the south of China, with similar huge
populations and rich cultural environments, as well as the same level of economic and cultural resources. Therefore, in order to propose ways to
protect Macao’s industrial heritage, this paper first analyzes the adaptive reuse case of Songshan Cultural and Creative Park in the Taiwan region and
draws the following conclusions. In terms of the protection of modern industrial heritage, it is obviously not in line with the development needs of
the city to only maintain and exhibit it. It is also not advisable to demolish it or blindly reuse it. It is necessary to combine the regional development
needs and the characteristics of industrial heritage to conduct a comprehensive analysis and explore the unique development mode of the region.
Then, the study conducted field research on Yec Long Firework Factory to understand its history, culture, architecture, landscape and
surrounding environment. It was found that because Yec Long Firework Factory is closed to the public all year round, Macao has a large number
of casinos. Due to the high density of high-rise buildings near Yec Long Firework Factory and the lack of leisure places for surrounding residents,
neither demolishing Yec Long Firework Factory for new casinos and residential areas nor maintaining the status quo is the best approach. In addition,
Yec Long Firework Factory has great protection value; with the strong support of the Outline of the Development Plan for the Guangdong-Hong
Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area; the building is badly damaged and in urgent need of repair; the leisure needs of the surrounding residents need to be
met.
Finally, Macao is one of the areas with the highest population density in the world, the development of the gambling industry occupies most
of the public land space in the city, the leisure needs of a large number of residents need to be met, the current situation of high-density urban
construction needs to be alleviated, and the Ye Long Gun Factory is basically abandoned. At the present stage and the surrounding residential areas,
and high-density buildings and Taipa village history center link up problems, combined with the tourism development and heritage protection,
residents leisure, Taipa island city update needs, put forward to Macao Ye Long Gun Factory as the adaptive reuse of industrial heritage in strategy:
highlight the cultural characteristics and the demand of the function transformation, and use cultural tourism assets to promote and embed
sustainable development concepts for visitors and residents. |
| Key words: Macao Industrial Heritage Yec Long Firework Factory Adaptive Reuse Protection Development |
