| 摘要: |
| 城市空间形态与碳排放效率存在密
切联系，探究两者间关系可以为县域中小城市
低碳发展提供指引，并为实现高质量发展提
供新参考。文章在大城市碳排放效率评价研
究的基础上结合县域中小城市特征，进行碳
排放效率评价指标选取及模型构建，通过建
立面板数据模型对2005—2020年间长三角
地区县域中小城市空间形态对碳排放效率影
响进行了实证研究，并分析了城市空间形态
对碳排放效率的影响机理。结果表明：城市
空间形态紧凑度、复杂度及破碎化程度与碳
排放效率密切相关；紧凑程度的提高对碳排
放经济效率具有促进作用，复杂程度和破碎
化程度的下降会对碳排放经济效率和碳排放
社会效率产生积极影响。总体而言，城市空间
形态主要通过影响交通碳排放进而对碳排
放效率产生影响，交通碳排放水平是长三角
地区县域中小城市碳排放经济效率和碳排放社会效率的首要影响因素。结合研究结论，本文提出强化结构性填充式开发以及调整空间组织
模式等策略，以期助力县域中小城市低碳发展。 |
| 关键词: 碳排放效率 城市空间形态 空间格局分析法 面板数据模型 低碳规划 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20210602 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2018YFC0704705） |
|
| Research on the Impact of Urban Form of Small and Medium-Sized Cities on CarbonEmission Efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta |
|
YUAN Qing,GUO Ran,LENG Hong,SONG Shiyi
|
| Abstract: |
| There is a close relationship between urban form and carbon emission efficiency.
Accurately estimating the impact of urban form on carbon emission efficiency can provide
a new reference for small and medium-sized cities to achieve low-carbon and high-quality
development. However, few studies have paid attention to the relationship between urban
form and carbon emission efficiency in recent years, especially in small and medium-
sized cities. The rapid urbanization process has begun to profoundly affect small and
medium-sized cities in China. Therefore, this research focuses on 44 county-level small and
medium-sized cities in the Yangtze River Delta from 2005 to 2020 to explore the impact of
urban form on the CO 2 economic efficiency and CO 2 social efficiency. Firstly, this paper
constructed a carbon emission efficiency evaluation system (including CO 2 economic
efficiency and CO 2 social efficiency) suitable for small and medium-sized cities based on
the research on carbon emission efficiency evaluation of big cities and combined with the
characteristics of small and medium-sized cities. Secondly, the urban form was quantified
by landscape metrics. Six landscape pattern indexes (patch cohesion index, perimeter-area
fractal dimension, landscape shape index, largest patch index, mean patch shape index, and
number of patches), which were widely used and proved to be effective in representing the
urban spatial form, were selected to quantify the compactness and complexity of the city.
Finally, the panel data analysis was applied to evaluate the consequences of carbon emission
efficiency and urban form of small and medium-sized cities in the Yangtze River Delta from
2005 to 2020.
The results show that: 1) during the research cycle, CO 2 economic efficiency and CO 2
social efficiency in all cities have been significantly improved, indicating that the contribution
rate of the same amount of carbon emission to economic and social benefits has gradually
increased. The level of urban low-carbon development raises. 2) The increase of patch
cohesion index (COHESION) and the decrease of number of patches (NP) indicate that the
urban form tends to be more compact. The perimeter-area fractal dimension (PAFRAC),
landscape shape index (LSI), and mean patch shape index (SHAPE_MN) enhance in varying
degrees, indicating that the urban form tends to be more and more complex. 3) The regression results of the panel data model show that improving the compactness of urban form can improve CO 2 economic efficiency, but compactness has
no significant impact on CO 2 social efficiency. Reducing complexity and fragmentation will reduce CO 2 economic efficiency and CO 2 social
efficiency. However, in comparison, the impact of urban form on CO 2 economic efficiency is more obvious. 4) Urban form mainly affects carbon
emission efficiency by affecting traffic carbon emissions, the primary factor affecting CO 2 economic efficiency and CO 2 social efficiency of small
and medium-sized cities in the Yangtze River Delta.
Based on the empirical research results, this paper puts forward the following strategies to help the low-carbon development of small
and medium-sized cities in the Yangtze River Delta. Firstly, it should strengthen the structural filling development. It is suggested to give full
attention to the relatively concentrated spatial characteristics of the central urban layout of small and medium-sized cities. Creating a “block-plot-
building” filling development structure can improve the compactness of form and function and reduce the transportation sector’s carbon emissions.
Secondly, it should adjust spatial organization mode. For the central urban area, the scale of slow traffic area can be determined according to the
function, utilize characteristics, and traffic load. Improving the current situation of low motor vehicle capacity of roads below the branch road
can help to reduce the traffic carbon emission. For the new urban district, changing the road system construction mode of wider roads and bigger
blocks and adjusting the minimum scale limit of the block may reduce unnecessary detours, increase the possibility of green travel, and finally
improve the efficiency of urban carbon emission. |
| Key words: Carbon Emission Efficiency Urban Form Spatial Pattern Analysis Panel Data Model Low Carbon Planning |
