| 摘要: |
| 高铁快速建设促发集聚效应，站区
交通可达性提升，带动不同要素的空间流动
和人的集聚，形成发展动力。人群集聚状态
可以反馈并有效指导站区空间规划，已有研
究由于数据的限制等原因，多聚焦于站区空
间形态、经济发展等方面，对人群集聚定量
分析及影响机制的研究不足。本文采用手机
信令、高德地图POI等大数据和传统数据，
对北京、上海、重庆、成都4个城市的13个高
铁站区人群集聚分布特征和影响因素进行
分析，按照“人群特征—影响因素—影响机
制—规划应对”的逻辑主线展开研究。抽提
并分析交通服务设施、商业商务设施、公共
服务设施、车站区位等人群集聚的显著影响
因素，深度剖析高铁站区人群集聚的影响机制，探明站区发展的基础支撑力、节点综合力、场所驻留力的作用机理，提出“人—站—城”多视
角统筹空间关系、“时—空—量”多层次构筑高效交通、“圈—境—业”多维度动态规划站区等
相关规划策略。 |
| 关键词: 高铁站区 人群集聚效应 影响机制 规划策略 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20210403 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金联合基金重点项目（U20A20330）；
国家自然科学基金面上项目（51778530） |
|
| Study on the Influence Mechanism and Planning Strategy of Population AgglomerationEffect in High-Speed Railway Station Area Based on the Cases of Beijing, Shanghai,Chongqing and Chengdu |
|
CUI Xu,LIANG Pengpeng,FAN Li
|
| Abstract: |
| The rapid construction of high-speed rail promotes the agglomeration effect,
improves the accessibility of station area traffic, drives the spatial flow of different
elements and the agglomeration of people, and forms the driving force for development.
The gathering rules of people are related to the characteristics of the station area. The
construction of the station area has an impact on crowd behavior, and the characteristics
of crowd activities can provide a basis for the optimization and layout adjustment of the
station area. Due to the limitation of data and other reasons, the existing research focuses
on the spatial form of the station area, economic development, etc., and the research on
the quantitative analysis of population agglomeration and the influence mechanism is
insufficient. This paper uses big data and traditional data such as mobile phone signaling
and POI of Amap to analyze the population distribution characteristics and influencing
factors of 13 high-speed rail stations in four cities of Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing and
Chengdu. It carried out researches according to the logical main line of “population
characteristics-influencing factors-influencing mechanisms-planning response”. By
analyzing the characteristics of high-speed rail stations, it is found that the proportion of
resident passenger flows at different stations are different. The non-resident passenger
flow is significantly higher than the resident passenger flow. The resident passenger
flow accounts for about 22% of the total passenger flow of high-speed rail travel. The
non-high-speed rail passenger flow has significant characteristics in terms of the built
environment and gathering direction. The population living or working in the station area
has a relatively low dependence on the high-speed rail, and the dependence of the residents
on the high-speed rail is greater than that of the workers. Among non-high-speed rail
passenger flows, few significant differences of the proportion of residents and workers
at most stations is found. The paper extracts and analyzes the significant influencing factors of population agglomeration in transportation service facilities, commercial and business facilities, public service facilities, station
location, etc. The results show that there are differences in the relevant factors affecting people clustering in different types of high-speed
rail stations. High-speed rail passenger flow is positively correlated with population scale, transportation facilities, and station building
scale. Non-high-speed rail passenger flow is positively correlated with commercial and public service facilities, and negatively correlated
with station location. The living or working population is positively correlated with population size, transportation facilities, and station
building scale. The paper deeply analyzes the influence mechanism of high-speed railway station area crowd gathering, and explores the
function mechanism of basic support force, node comprehensive strength, and place resident force for station area development. In the
initial stage of station establishment, the urban development conditions provided the station with “basic support”, the change of traffic
accessibility increased the value of the node, and attracted more non-resident passengers, and the station’s transportation facilities played
the role of “node comprehensive power”. With the continuous improvement of the station area development and construction, various
facilities provide “place resident power”, and the value of the place is prominent. The non-resident passenger flow began to overflow to
the resident passenger flow. In addition, the information flow, logistics, and capital flow are converged in the station area, and the high-
speed rail passenger flow is further enhanced. The spatial distribution of the agglomeration of non-high-speed rail passenger flows
includes three agglomeration modes: fan-shaped agglomeration, balanced direction agglomeration, and insignificant agglomeration. The
influence mechanisms of different agglomeration modes have certain differences. The high-speed rail has no obvious impact on the cluster
of residents or working people in the station area. On the one hand, the construction time of stations in new urban areas or fringe areas
is short. On the other hand, with the development of cities and urban agglomerations, the proportion and frequency of crowd trips have
increased, but they have not yet formed a certain scale. Finally, this paper proposes related planning strategies such as coordinating the
spatial relationship based on the multi-perspective of “people-station-city”, constructing efficient traffic based on “time-space-quantity”
multi-level, and dynamic planning of station area based on “circle-environment-industry” multi-dimensionality. |
| Key words: High-Speed Railway Station Area Population Agglomeration Effect Influence Mechanism Planning Strategy |
