| 摘要: |
| 城市蓝绿空间为防灾隔离提供天然
屏障，并能为居民提供健康的活动空间和路
径，具备相应的应对和恢复能力。本文首先
总结蓝绿空间对居民健康影响的理论和实证
研究；再基于平灾结合的理念，在以人为本、
刚弹相济、系统布局、因地制宜的原则指导
下，尝试探讨构建应急防灾蓝绿空间体系。
平时，构建多尺度、全要素、全覆盖的蓝绿空
间健康格局；灾时，合理调用蓝绿空间，构建
多功能、多层级、高效率的应急防灾系统。本
文对健康人居环境研究具有科学价值，对
于增强城市韧性具有实践意义 |
| 关键词: 蓝绿空间 健康社区 健康城市 平
灾结合 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20200302 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51678577）；广东省科
技创新青年拔尖人才项目 |
|
| Research on Urban Green and Blue Space Planning Combining Peacetime withEmergencies |
|
YUAN Yuan,HE Haoyu,CHEN Yujie
|
| Abstract: |
| At the beginning of 2020, COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease, COVID-19), considered
as public health emergencies by World Health Organization, has spread throughout China
even the whole world, seriously influencing residents’ physical health. The outbreak of
public health emergency has triggered reflection on prevention and control of disasters from
all sectors of society. To deal with the public health emergencies, it is highly crucial to pay
attention to medical resource supply during the outbreaks as well as the reasonable allocation
of preventive resources in peacetime. Urban green and blue space demonstrates significance
of two dimensions. On the one hand, it mainly consists of urban green space such as urban
parks, providing residents with space and path for daily activities, which contributes to people’
health by encouraging and guiding residents to cultivate healthier lifestyle such as walking,
physical exercise and so on. On the other hand, as the natural barriers for disaster prevention
and isolation, urban green and blue space is not only possessed of capabilities to coping with
problems generated in public health emergencies, but it’s also able to show its strong resilience
towards the damage and injury during the disaster. On account of that, the land use can easily
be converted, urban green and blue space is regarded as one of the most important sources of
strategic reserved land for disaster prevention and control work. Therefore, reasonable planning
and construction of urban green and blue space is of great significance to both healthy city and
healthy community’s development.
Based on summarizing the research about the health effect of green and blue space
covering the relationship between health and environment as well as the path and mechanism
of green and blue space influencing residents, this article puts forward four principles to guide
the planning of urban green and blue space, including people oriented, balancing rigidity and
resilience, systemic layout planning and adaptation to local conditions. The four principles
respectively represent humanity, flexibility, systematization and adaptability in peacetime as
well as during disasters.
Then, on the basis of four principles, this article proposes that urban planning is
supposed to construct an urban green and blue space system with emergent and preventive
function. At the same time, corresponding planning strategies to optimize the planning
of urban green and blue space system are discussed. In pre-disaster planning and preparedness, government and planning department should manifest the foresight towards a variety of public health emergencies in the
future and deploy all the resources which can be used to prevent disasters in advance, including urban green and blue space system. So, it is
the first step to construct a multi-scale, comprehensive, full-covering space health pattern in peacetime, which means all kinds of green and
blue space with different shapes, scales and uses are interconnected, comprising a system with corridor, area elements, line elements and
point elements. Among these elements, ecological corridor and ventilation corridor can improve the ecological environment and air quality
in urban built-up area; as the major area elements in city, green space and urban parks are the basis to construct the disaster prevention unit
system for disaster prevention; rational planning of greenway can make spatial organization more distinct and guide residents to cultivate
a healthier lifestyle proactively; green space in every community is an important carrier of daily activities for community members. Apart
from providing residents with space for daily exercise and recreation, this system is prepared for the public health emergencies in advance.
When public health emergencies occur, the use of green and blue space can be quickly converted, and a multi-functional, multi-level and
efficient prevention system will be built in disaster time. On large scale (urban scale), the green and blue emergent space system for disaster
prevention should be constructed on the basis of disaster prevention unit system. On small scale (site and community scale), emergency
function, such as patient screening and isolation, medical treatment, and emergency material storage and supply, should be wielded
enormous clout according to local conditions.
Generally speaking, by discussing the health effect of urban green and blue space and corresponding planning strategies in response to
public health emergencies, this paper can provide scientific reference for the construction of urban green and blue space system as well as healthy
residential environment. Also, it is of practical significance in enhancing urban resilience under the epidemic situation, contributing to the practice
of healthy communities and the achievement of healthy China strategy. |
| Key words: Green and Blue Space Healthy Community Healthy City Combining Peacetime with |
