| 摘要: |
| 川西地区为少数民族聚居区，受
藏传佛教影响，聚落形态多为多处村庙结合
布局。选取16个典型寺庙影响型传统村落为
研究对象，分析村寺格局和形成机制，此类
村落分为中心型、混合型、相邻型、分离型
四种，重点从村落选址、村落形态、街巷形
式、建筑布局四个方面解析此类村落的空间
形态特征。 |
| 关键词: 聚落 选址 空间形态 街巷形式 建筑布局 藏族 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20190607 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目：文
化线路视野下川西传统空间形态信息图谱
研究（51708469）；国家社会科学基金项目
（16XMZ045）；中央高校基本科研业务
费专项资金项目（2018HQZZ24） |
|
| Research on the Spatial Form Characteristics of the Villages Influenced by Temple inWestern Sichuan |
|
ZHENG Zhiming,JIAO Sheng,XIONG Ying
|
| Abstract: |
| The west area of Sichuan is a minority settlement. Influenced
by Tibetan Buddhism, it has formed many traditional villages combined
with temples. This kind of traditional villages formed a unique settlement
space, which reflects the high integration of nature and humanities. But now
they are threatened by many kinds of physical damage and lack of efficient
protection. This paper selects 16 typical traditional villages combined with
temples as samples, analyzes their patterns and formation mechanism.
These samples could be divided into four types: centered, mixed, adjoined
and scattered. And the analysis would focus on the location of villages, the
form of villages, the form of street and lane and the architectural layout.
The results show that: 1) Influenced by the natural conditions, most of the
traditional villages in Western Sichuan are located on the gentle slope of
the valley which is relatively flat, therefore thus it could provide enough
space for expansion and development. Most of them are centered, mixed
or adjoined types. A small number of villages are scattered due to the
restriction of the hillside fields and tableland. 2) In order to gather around
the temple which is the spiritual center, most of the buildings are closely
surrounding the temple. Most of the village’s spatial forms are clusters
or bands. Village’s spatial forms are spot and clusters due to the terrain
condition. 3) The spatial forms of the streets and lanes are adapted to the
terrain conditions of the mountain, and most of them are free-style tree
branches, zigzags and fish bones. At the same time, the village is affected
by Tibetan Buddhist religious activities to form a distinctive turning space,
and some village streets have formed a complete ring space. 4) The types
of temple buildings in the village include temple public buildings, monk
houses, and temple structures. The temples in the village are large in scale.
Most of the temple buildings are arranged in an axial layout, visually being
the core of the village. The surrounding residential buildings form clusters
around the temples, and they are distributed along the network of streets and
lanes. |
| Key words: Settlement Site Selection Spatial Form Street Form Architectural
Layout Tibetan |
