| 摘要: |
| 本文基于东莞市菜鸟驿站的POI数
据，借助ArcGIS软件，探究其社会经济信息
以及空间分布格局。同时利用SPSS建立回归
模型，分析城市人口数与企业数对驿站布局
的影响并建立了菜鸟驿站预测城市人口数量
的基本公式。结果显示：一、东莞市中97%的
菜鸟驿站依托于商店，美宜佳便利店为其主
要合作方，依托方与驿站间具有互利共生的
关系。社区、企业为驿站主要服务对象。布点
遵循就近原则，80%的网点在距服务对象70
m以内；二、菜鸟驿站分布呈现与城市形态一
致的西北—东南走向的多核心模式，以镇街
为单位形成小范围集中，各中心地间相隔较
远，冷热区整体呈现伞状分布；三、菜鸟驿站
数与常住人口和工商企业个体数具有正比例
关系，可作为探测城市增长与社会经济变迁
的灵敏探针。通过对物流终端菜鸟驿站的空间特征及影响因素分析，对我国城市服务性设施的
合理规划布局具有指导和借鉴意义，同时可为研究和预测未来城市发展和社会经济现象做出贡
献。 |
| 关键词: 菜鸟驿站 城市发展 POI 东莞市 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20190511 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:西北大学仲英青年学者支持计划（2016号） |
|
| Relationship Between Spatial Distribution of Cainiao Station and Urban Development—A Case Study of Dongguan City |
|
ZHOU Jiao,LI Gang,YANG Lan,LIU Qian,Muhammad Sajid Mehmood
|
| Abstract: |
| In the era of popularization and rapid development of Internet, e-commerce, which
breaks through time and space restrictions, has deeply entered people’s daily life with its features
of high efficiency and convenience, and the widespread phenomenon of people shopping online
without leaving their homes is one of the strong evidences. E-shopping has changed people’s
living habits and consumption patterns. With the continuous improvement in residents’ living
efficiency and living quality, the logistics terminal express industry develops rapidly under the
promotion of logistics economy. The hot issues about “the last kilometer of express delivery” and
its location layout have been discussed by more and more scholars all over the world. Previous
researches on these topics are mainly focusing on the layout and development of logistics and
warehousing, express delivery modes, characteristics of self-pick-up points and optimization
of the construction of the last mile logistics networks. Studies of Cainiao stations are mainly
about the development and optimization of its network, its significance to logistics geography
and its relationship with social phenomena. In a word, there is a lack of systematic research on
Cainiao stations in one case city, especially on the relationship between Cainiao stations and
urban development. In this paper, based on the POI data of Cainiao stations in Dongguan, the
economic and social information such as managing types and service subjects of Cainiao stations
were explored. The spatial distribution patterns were also revealed with ArcGIS tools. Besides,
SPSS was used to establish a regression model to analyze the relationship among Cainiao
stations, urban development planning, residents and enterprises. A basic formula for predicting
the population based on the number of Cainiao stations was primarily built. Conclusions are as
follows. Firstly, results demonstrate that 97% of Cainiao stations in Dongguan rely on a store,
with the Meiyijia convenience store as the main partner, and there is a mutually beneficial
relationship between managing objects and the stations. Cainiao stations mostly provide service
for multiple subjects at the same time, in which community and enterprise account for the largest
proportion. Eighty percent sites are within 70 m from their subjects based on the principle of proximity. Secondly, it indicates that the overall distribution of Cainiao stations in Dongguan is relatively random, and the cluster area is not obvious.
It presents a multi-core pattern of northwest to southeast trend, consistent with the shape of the city. The core areas are Dongcheng street and
Nancheng street, and the small-scale concentration is formed by town districts. Each center is far apart. The hot spot area of Cainiao stations shows
the vertical extension to the north with Humen Town and Chang’an Town as the starting points, and the cold spot area is extended like Chinese
character “八” with Zhongtang Town and Shipai Town as the starting points. The hot and cold areas are generally umbrella-shaped. Thirdly, there
are more Cainiao stations which providing logistics service in the key area of urban development planning. Through its number, the leading and
dominant area of the city in the future can be inferred indirectly. In addition, on the one hand, Cainiao stations are more densely distributed in areas
with a large number of permanent residents where the living needs are diverse, and the online shopping capacity is relatively high; on the other hand,
industrial and commercial enterprises are the main actors of regional economy, and all kinds of buildings are the space where many middle-aged and
young commuters work in. Owing to the above reasons, the number of enterprises can reflect not only the economic prosperity but also the number
of young people, the largest online shopping group in the region. According to our study, the number of Cainiao stations is positively proportional to
the number of permanent residents and commercial enterprises. Not only can the changes of the number of Cainiao stations point to the distribution
and the growth trend of population, but Cainiao stations can also be a sensitive probe to detect the social and economic development, the prospect
of cities and the vitality of regions. By analyzing the spatial characteristics and influencing factors of Cainiao stations, this paper aims to provide
guidance and reference for the rational planning and layout of urban service facilities and make contributions to the study of the prediction on urban
development and socioeconomic phenomena. Further work could focus on different cities to examine and enhance the formula with other influencing
factors considered in and predict urban development referring to Cainiao stations and night-time light data simultaneously. |
| Key words: Cainiao Station Urban Development POI Dongguan City |
